Heart Disease in Women: Recognizing Gender Differences is Essential
By Yves Martinez, Contributing Editor
February is American Heart Month – when cardiovascular disease, the No. 1 killer of women, gets its moment in the spotlight. Every year, as we reflect on this month and the fight against gender inequity in cardiovascular research, treatment, and prevention, it raises an important question: How much progress have we really made in understanding the unique risks women face in regard to heart disease?
While there have been some advancements, such as the funding of the first large-scale heart disease outcome trial in women called WARRIOR, which aims to provide insights into gender differences in heart disease, there are still significant gaps in our understanding. Awareness of heart disease among women is declining, especially among younger women who are at increased risk. Shockingly, only 38% of clinical trial participants are women, and research in this area is woefully underfunded. Furthermore, less than 20% of medical schools currently incorporate sex- and gender-based curriculum beyond obstetrics and gynecology.
Addressing Misdiagnosis and Gender Disparities
One of the most pressing issues that needs to be tackled is the misdiagnosis of heart disease in women, often resulting in delayed or inadequate treatment. Due to the unique signs and symptoms of heart disease in women and systemic biases, misdiagnosis has become all too common. Women are often told that their symptoms are “all in their head” or are misdiagnosed with mental health issues.
This crisis of misdiagnosis must be addressed through increased awareness, advocacy, and improved protocols within the medical community. Physicians and cardiologists need to be better prepared to diagnose and treat heart disease in women. Women must also be educated about the specific signs and symptoms and learn how to be direct and assertive with healthcare professionals.
Filling the Knowledge Gap
Expanding gender-specific research on cardiovascular disease is critical to closing the knowledge gap. The White House Initiative on Women’s Health Research, led by first lady Jill Biden and the White House Gender Policy Council, aims to address these research gaps and promote better understanding of how to diagnose, treat, and prevent heart disease in women.
Another crucial step is integrating sex and gender differences into medical school curricula. Given that heart disease is the leading cause of death in women, it is imperative that every medical student learns about the distinct characteristics of women’s hearts.
Take Action and Save Lives
Ultimately, ending the crisis of misdiagnosis and combating gender disparities in heart disease care requires collective action. We need a nationwide public health campaign to raise awareness and ensure that heart disease prevention messages reach every community. Women must be empowered to advocate for their health, and healthcare professionals need to prioritize gender-specific research and education.
Together, we can make a difference and improve the outcomes for women facing heart disease. Let us not forget that heart disease is a silent killer that affects women every day. It’s time to prioritize their well-being and fight for a future where gender does not determine the quality of cardiovascular care.
