On June 29, 1659, the Cossacks of Ivan Vygovsky completely defeated the Moscow army in the battle of Konotop. In 1613, during a performance by William Shakespeare, the legendary Globe Theater caught fire in London. In 1949, apartheid began to operate in South Africa.
Holidays and memorable dates June 29
On June 29, state and professional holidays are not celebrated in Ukraine.
Under the auspices of the UN, the International Day of the Tropics is being held.
June 29 in history
June 29, 1613 During a performance of William Shakespeare’s play Henry VIII in London, the Globe Theater caught fire. The cause of the fire was a theatrical cannon that misfired. As a result, wooden beams and a roof made of straw caught fire. The theater itself was built from wooden structures. So he burned to the ground. However, his story did not end there. Already next year, the Globe was rebuilt. It lasted until 1644, when it was demolished by the Puritans. The current “Globe” in London was built in 1997 – according to the projects of the historical and not far from the place where Shakespeare held his performances.
Photo: Another Believer
June 29, 1659 Ukrainian Cossack troops of Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky, together with the Crimean Tatars, defeated the army of Moscow under the command of Alexei Trubetskoy. This battle became one of the key battles in the next Moscow-Ukrainian war (1658-1659).
See also: Today is June 28: what holiday and day in history
The war began during Ruina after the death of Bogdan Khmelnitsky. Ivan Vygovskoy, who became hetman after Khmelnytsky, gradually changed his foreign policy from pro-Moscow to pro-Polish. The reason for this was the Muscovites’ constant attempts to increase their influence on the internal affairs of the Hetmanate and violate preliminary agreements, in particular the Pereyaslav Articles. As a result, Vygovskoy concluded the Treaty of Gadyach with the Commonwealth. According to its original text, Ukraine, under the name of the Grand Duchy of Russia, was to become part of the Commonwealth – on an equal footing with Poland and Lithuania. However, the Polish Sejm, when ratifying the treaty, significantly curtailed it. But the signing itself was enough for the Muscovite tsar to launch an armed invasion of Ukraine.
Part of the Cossacks, the opponents of Vyhovsky, also went over to the side of the invaders. This united army captured a number of cities in the Poltava region. At the same time, the Muscovites robbed and killed civilians. So ordinary people leaned more and more on the side of Vyhovsky. In 1659, the army of Romadanovsky, already operating in Ukraine, was joined by another Moscow army led by Trubetskoy. During the invasion, a detachment of Nezhinsky colonel Gulyanitsky attacked the convoy of Trubetskoy’s army and, retreating, captured the city of Konotop (on the territory of modern Sumy region). On April 21, 1659, the thousands of Moscow army began the siege of Konotop, which was defended by a detachment of only 4,000 Cossacks. This detachment held out until the end of June – until the approach of the troops, which Ivan Vygovskoy gathered during this time.
Memorial sign of the battle of Konotop in Konotop. Photo: V. Beletsky
Both the Polish army and the Crimean Tatars of Khan Mehmed-Gerai IV came to his aid. Detachments of Serbian and Moldovan mercenaries were also attracted. The first attack of the Cossacks on Trubetskoy’s army took place on the morning of June 27. The Cossacks captured a large number of horses and drove them into the steppe. The Muscovites launched a counterattack, and Vygovskoy retreated to his camp across the Sosnovka River. On June 28, Trubetskoy sent 30,000 selected Moscow cavalry, led by the boyar Semyon Pozharsky, to catch up with Vygovsky. Pozharsky also crossed the Sosnovka. At the same time, the Cossack detachment of Stepan Gulyanitsky went to the rear of Pozharsky, captured and destroyed the bridge across the Sosnovka, and at night blocked the river bed – it overflowed and flooded the lowland. All this became preparation for the main battle, which took place on June 29.
See also: Today is June 28: what holiday and day in history
At the beginning, a small detachment of Vygovsky attacked Pozharsky’s camp, and after a skirmish, he allegedly began to flee. Muscovite troops rushed after them – and fell straight into a trap. When Pozharsky’s troops entered Sosnovka, the Cossacks gave a signal to the allies, and the Tatars and Poles entered the battlefield. Pozharsky tried to retreat, but the horses and artillery got bogged down in the lowland flooded thanks to the nightly efforts of the Cossacks. Muscovite troops surrounded and massacred. Almost all 30 thousand died, Pozharsky himself and a number of princes were captured. Pozharsky allowed himself to spit in the face of the Crimean Khan, for which he was immediately left without a head. Trubetskoy, having heard about the defeat of Pozharsky, began to retreat from Konotop and, in general, from Ukraine. But the detachment of Gulyanitsky, who had crossed Sosnovka even earlier, hit the retreating. The Cossacks captured a lot of artillery, Trubetskoy received two wounds and barely survived. In addition to artillery, the Muscovites lost their battle flags, the treasury and almost the entire convoy. Cossacks with Tatars drove them out of Ukraine for several more days.
June 29, 1849 Olena Pchilka (Olga Kosach) was born – the mother of Lesya Ukrainka.
Photo: istpravda.com.ua
Ukrainian writer, publicist, public and cultural figure, ethnographer and translator.
June 29, 1949 South Africa passed a law banning racially mixed marriages. It is its adoption that is traditionally considered the start of the apartheid policy in South Africa – racial discrimination and oppression, which was official in the state until the 1990s. The law prohibited marriages between white South Africans and members of other racial groups. The groups themselves were defined by a separate document in 1950 in the law on population registration. Marriages between members of other groups were not prohibited. In 1968, legislation was tightened – interracial marriages of citizens entered into outside the country were recognized as invalid.
Church holiday June 29
On June 29, Christians honor the memory of St. Tikhon, Bishop of Amaphuda. Saint Tikhon came from a pious Christian family. Even at a young age, he manifested the gift of miracles. Tikhon was accepted into the church clergy, where he became a reader to begin with. Subsequently, Bishop Memnon of Amafuntsky ordained him to the rank of deacon. And after the death of Memnon, Tikhon, by common desire, was elected Bishop of Amaphunte. He worked diligently, eradicating the remnants of paganism in Cyprus. He died peacefully in 425.
Folk omens
If the night is cloudless, expect heat.
If the linden has already faded by June 29, then autumn will be early.
Grasshoppers quieted down – to the worsening of the weather.
What not to do on June 29
You can not be lazy and sleep until dinner.
You can not eat flour products.
This day is not suitable for declarations of love, as well as weddings and engagements.
2023-06-29 03:00:00
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