All seven were charged with 16 counts of fraud, conspiracy, smuggling, money laundering and sanctions violations. One of the accused Russian nationals was arrested on Tuesday, while another handed himself over to the authorities.
Konoshchenok was arrested by Estonian authorities at the request of the United States on December 6. His extradition to the United States is in preparation.
The other four defendants are on the run, the US Department of Justice has informed.
44-year-old Yevhenii Grinin, 57-year-old Alexei Ipolitov, 52-year-old Boris Livshits, 41-year-old Svetlana Skvortsova, 48-year-old Vadim Konoshchenok, 35-year-old Alexei Bryman and 41-year-old Vadim Yermolenko were charged.