Appointment of New Palestinian Prime Minister Amidst U.S. Pressure for Reform
New Prime Minister Appointed to Lead Technocratic Government
RAMALLAH, West Bank (AP) — Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas has appointed Mohammad Mustafa, his longtime economic adviser, to be the next prime minister. Mustafa, a United States-educated economist and political independent, will head a technocratic government in the Israeli-occupied West Bank. The appointment comes in response to U.S. pressure to reform the Palestinian Authority and align with Washington’s postwar vision for Gaza. Mustafa’s government could potentially administer Gaza as part of preparations for eventual statehood. However, the proposed plans face significant challenges, including strong opposition from Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and the ongoing Israel-Hamas war.
Public Skepticism and Demand for Real Political Change
Despite the appointment of Mustafa, Palestinian citizens express skepticism and demand actual changes in politics rather than just a change in names. According to Hani al-Masri, a Palestinian political analyst, the people desire a genuine improvement in conditions, especially regarding the Israeli-imposed economic crisis in the West Bank since the war started.
Responsibilities and Demands for Reform
President Abbas has tasked Mustafa with crucial responsibilities to meet U.S. demands for reform. These include unifying administration in the West Bank and Gaza, implementing government, security service, and economic reforms, as well as combating corruption. While the United States has welcomed Mustafa’s appointment, they emphasize the need for prompt formation of a Cabinet to facilitate the implementation of changes.
Mustafa’s Background and Previous Positions
Mohammad Mustafa, born in Tulkarem in the West Bank, holds a doctorate in business administration and economics from George Washington University. He has served in senior positions at the World Bank, as well as the roles of deputy prime minister and economy minister. Mustafa is currently the chairman of the Palestine Investment Fund.
The Palestinian Authority’s Limited Authority and Hamas’ Influence
The Palestinian Authority, established in the 1990s, serves as a stepping-stone to eventual statehood. However, its authority is limited to major population centers due to Hamas’ takeover of Gaza in 2007. Palestinian President Abbas is considerably unpopular, and many Palestinians view the PA as a mere cooperation tool with Israel in security matters. There has been an ongoing demand to hold elections, with the previous parliamentary elections in 2006 resulting in a landslide victory for Hamas.
Different Agendas and International Goals
Unlike Hamas, Abbas acknowledges Israel, renounces armed struggle, and supports a negotiated solution for the establishment of an independent Palestinian state alongside Israel. This goal aligns with the international community’s objectives and hopes for a resolution to the ongoing conflict.
Points of Contention: PA Payments and Israeli Actions
The Israeli critique of the PA centers around the payments made to the families of Palestinians killed or imprisoned by Israel, including prominent militants. The PA defends these payments as a form of social welfare for families affected by the long-standing conflict. This ongoing dispute has prompted Israel to suspend some of the taxes and customs duties they collect on behalf of the PA, leading to significant budget shortfalls.
U.S. Push for a Reformed PA and Israel’s Stand
The United States supports a reformed Palestinian Authority expanding its writ to postwar Gaza, as part of the envisioned future Palestinian state. However, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu categorically rejects any involvement of the PA in Gaza and opposes the establishment of Palestinian statehood. These differences further complicate the path towards resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Legacy of the Mideast War and Disputed Territories
The 1967 Mideast war resulted in Israel capturing the West Bank, Gaza, and east Jerusalem. The Palestinians aspire to form their future state with the inclusion of all three territories. However, Israel’s annexation of east Jerusalem remains unrecognized internationally. Crucially, Israel has established numerous settlements in the West Bank, housing over 500,000 Jewish settlers in close proximity to around 3 million Palestinians.
Blockade and Control: Gaza’s Complex Scenario
Israel withdrew its soldiers and settlers from Gaza in 2005, but later imposed a blockade with Egypt after Hamas took control in 2007. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu vows to dismantle Hamas and maintain extensive security control over Gaza. The Palestinian Authority firmly asserts its position, stating that it will only assume control of the territory as part of a comprehensive solution that includes statehood.
