Causes of porous bones and symptoms

Osteoporosis is a bone disease that has the potential to affect the comfort of daily life. For this reason it is important to know the symptoms and causes of osteoporosis. Early diagnosis and prevention will result in healthy bones and avoid osteoporosis.

What are the causes of osteoporosis and its symptoms? Check out the following article!

Definition of Osteoporosis

Quoting the Indonesian Ministry of Health, osteoporosis or porous bones is a disease that reduces bone density and quality. Osteoporosis can also be explained as a condition of low bone mass and breakdown of bone structure so that bones break easily.

Osteoporosis is a disease that often goes unnoticed and only makes itself felt when the symptoms are severe.

Factors causing osteoporosis

There are a number of things that become factors that cause osteoporosis. Citing various sources, osteoporosis is caused by:

1. Age factor

One of the causes of osteoporosis is the age factor. Approximately 0.5 to 1 percent of postmenopausal women and men age 80 and older experience a decrease in bone mass each year. For women, a decrease in bone mass may occur because the production of the hormone estrogen is decreased, consequently the decline in bone formation function also decreases.

2. Drug use

Osteoporosis is caused by prolonged intake of drugs containing corticosteroids. Examples of medications are asthma and lupus medications.

3. Unhealthy lifestyle

The next cause of osteoporosis is an unhealthy lifestyle. Unhealthy lifestyle can be seen by the intensity of smoking and alcohol consumption.

4. Lack of exercise and activity

Osteoporosis is also caused by lack of exercise and activity. Lack of exercise and activity causes bone fragility.

5. Less exposure to sunlight

Sun exposure also has a big effect on bone health. Not surprisingly, children tend to sunbathe to strengthen their bones. You need to bask in the sun for at least 30 minutes a day.

6. Gender

You know? The gender you have is also a cause of osteoporosis. This is because osteoporosis is more common in women than men. Women have a percentage of 80%, while men 20%.

7. Race/Tribe

Who would have thought that race and ethnicity also play a role in the cause of osteoporosis? In general, Asians and Caucasians are more prone to osteoporosis than African Americans and Americans due to their lower bone mass.

8. Genetics

Next, one of the causes of osteoporosis is genetics. That is, osteoporosis can occur due to hereditary factors in the family. About 60% – 80% of people are more susceptible to osteoporosis if there is a history of the disease in their family.

What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?

Here are the various osteoporosis symptoms you may encounter:

1. The posture of the back is always bent.
2. Height loss.
3. Susceptible to injury or bone fracture.
4. Backache.
5. Pains in the bones and joints, especially if the back pain occurs when standing, walking, being active and being touched.
6. Sharp, burning pain.
7. Decreased appetite leading to weight loss.
8. Shortness of breath because the organs are moving towards the bones.

Types of osteoporosis according to the causes

Different causes of osteoporosis produce different types of osteoporosis. The following is an explanation, as quoted from liliary.poltekkes-malang.ac.id.

1. Osteoporosis primer

The first type of osteoporosis is primary osteoporosis. Primary osteoporosis is osteoporosis caused by the aging process which causes a decrease in calcium so that the bones become porous.

This type of osteoporosis is divided into two, namely type I which occurs 15-20 years after menopause, and type II which occurs in women and men aged 70 and older.

2. Osteoporosis Seconds

The next type of osteoporosis is secondary osteoporosis. This type of osteoporosis is caused by certain diseases, such as hormonal disorders and an incorrect lifestyle. Therefore, secondary osteoporosis can also be experienced by young people.

How to treat osteoporosis

If you have osteoporosis, you can treat it in the following ways:

1. Consumption of osteoporosis medications

Quoting the NHS website, osteoporosis can be treated with a number of osteoporosis medicines, such as bisphosphonates. These drugs can slow the breakdown of bones and prevent brittleness. This osteoporosis drug is divided into four types, namely alendronic acid, ibandronic acid, risedronate and zoledronic acid.

2. Exercise

Next is exercise. Adequate exercise can increase the strength of your bones thus preventing their rapid loss.

3. Proper nutrition

Healthy food is one of the drugs for osteoporosis. Make sure you are getting enough calcium and vitamin D. In addition to foods rich in calcium and vitamin D, you can also take vitamin D in supplement form.

4. Quit smoking

In essence, smoking increases and accelerates bone fragility. Therefore, it’s a good idea to quit smoking.

5. Limit alcohol

Unlike cigarettes, alcohol consumption can still be tolerated to some extent. According to the Mayo Clinic, women can drink it up to once a day, while men can drink it up to twice a day.

6. HRT (hormone replacement therapy)

HRT can keep your bones strong and reduce your risk of developing osteoporosis. This treatment can be chosen by menopausal women to control their symptoms.

7. Parathyroid hormone injection

Parathyroid hormone is a hormone produced naturally by the body and activates the calcium in the bones. You may receive injections of parathyroid hormone to stimulate cells to form new bone.

Osteoporosis prevention starts early

Osteoporosis can be avoided in several ways. The following are preventions that start early:

1. Eat foods that are high in calcium.
2. Take estrogen and vitamin D supplements.
3. Regular exercise.
4. Avoid smoking, drinking coffee and alcohol.
5. Avoid consuming foods with high salt content and many preservatives.
6. Maintain a healthy weight and not be too thin.

Hence the explanation about osteoporosis. Come on, take care of your bone health so you don’t get osteoporosis at a young age!

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