KOMPAS.com – Diabetes is a disease characterized by high blood sugar levels.
Menurut Medical News Today, diabetes is a condition that interferes with the body’s ability to process glucose in the blood.
This disorder occurs for life. That means, when someone is diagnosed with diabetes, they have to take care for life.
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The bad news, this non-communicable disease has quite a high probability of travel in Indonesia.
The number of diabetics in Indonesia continues to surge every year. Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) showed an upward trend in diabetics from 5.7 percent (2007), 6.9 percent (2013), and jumped to 10.9 percent in 2018.
Then, what actually causes diabetes?
Cause of diabetes very much depends on the type of diabetes a person has.
Type 1 diabetes
So far cause of diabetes type 1 is still uncertain.
In some cases, type 1 diabetes occurs due to autoimmune, which somehow immune cells attack and destroy insulin-producing pancreas.
In addition, genes may also have an effect on cases of type 1 diabetes. In other words, if you have a family history of diabetes eating, the risk is even higher.
The virus can also trigger an immune system attack that develops into type 1 diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes
The cause of type 2 diabetes is a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors.
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Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Being overweight, especially the abdomen, makes body cells become less sensitive to insulin.
In addition, the risk will increase if you
- overweight
- 45 years or older
- family history with diabetes
- have a less active lifestyle
- have had gestational diabetes
- have pre-diabetes or threshold diabetes
- have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and high triglycerides
Gestational diabetes
This type of diabetes that occurs in pregnant women is caused by hormonal changes.
The placenta produces hormones that make pregnant women’s cells less sensitive to insulin. This is what makes high blood sugar during pregnancy.
In addition, women who are overweight during pregnancy or gain too much weight during pregnancy are also more prone to developing gestational diabetes.
Also read: Recognizing the Symptoms of Diabetes Neuropathy and How to Overcome It
Risk factors to watch out for:
- overweight
- over 25 years old
- have had gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy
- family history of type 2 diabetes
- menderita polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
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