Zoonotic diseases have been recorded since the 1920s.
REPUBLIKA.CO.ID, JAKARTA — The results of research among epidemiologists call the phenomenon of zoonosis or transmission of disease from animals to humans is triggered by the extinction of some animals due to ecosystem damage. As a result, viruses that were originally contained in animal hosts move to humans looking for new hosts.
Epidemiolog dari Griffith University Australia Dicky Budiman said that climate change has affected the harmonization of human, animal and environmental relationships. The balance of these three elements greatly determines the slowdown or acceleration of the incidence of disease outbreaks.
For this reason, humans need to immediately change their behavior to keep the environment clean and maintain healthy living habits to restore balance in their relationship with animals and the environment.
To the government, Dicky encouraged the strengthening of policies on aspects of detection systems, surveillance systems, vaccine research, drug research, strengthening human resources for health workers to health resilience systems.
All of these policies are expected to be able to release Indonesia’s dependence on foreign health research results and increase the ability to detect the threat of epidemics in the future. “Global health security was born from national health security and from local security,” he said.
By timeline zoonotic disease According to a report from The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States, there are a number of zoonotic diseases.
Here are the data:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) caused by viruses from chimpanzees and sooty mangabey (1920)
- Avian Infectious Bronchitis transmitted from chickens to humans (1931)
- West Nile Virus of bird origin (1937)
- Zika Virus carried by primates (1947)
- Ebola from fruit-eating bats (1976) Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea from camels (2012).
The list of zoonoses doesn’t stop there. For 19 years, ASEAN and China have faced several outbreaks caused by zoonoses, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and avian influenza (H5N1) in 2003, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 until now.
Regarding death cases, since it was first discovered HIV has killed 36 million people from all over the world. The Ebola epidemic between 2013-2016 caused 11,325 deaths from 28,600 infected people.
The Spanish flu from the H1N1 virus, which usually attacks birds, triggered one-fifth of the approximately 500 million reported deaths from 1918 to 1920. in the period 2019 to date.
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