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Influenza is a disease caused by influenza viruses that cause infections of the respiratory tract. This is not just a cold, it is a highly contagious disease and can be life-threatening for people over 65 years of age and children under 2 years of age, but also for people who suffer from certain chronic diseases or diseases that weaken the immune system.
According to recent estimates by the World Health Organization, a percentage of 5% to 15% of the population is affected by upper respiratory tract infections during annual influenza epidemics.
How is it transmitted?
The flu is very easily spread from one person to another, especially through droplets projected into the air by sneezing and coughing. Children are the most exposed and can develop dangerous complications. At school, they come into contact with a very large number of viruses that spread rapidly through the air, through direct hand-to-mouth contact or by touching various contaminated surfaces. Every three minutes, a child puts their hand to their mouth or nose, and bacteria and viruses can survive for hours on the surfaces children touch throughout the day.
What are the symptoms?
Flu symptoms are the same for adults and children. The onset of the disease is sudden, with symptoms such as: very high fever, which usually lasts between 3 and 5 days; cough; sore throat; chills; headaches in the frontal region; muscle pain; pain in the eyeballs and sometimes even diffuse joint pain. It is very important that in children, the flu develops a series of complications, such as pneumonia or, more rarely, myocarditis. At the first signs of illness, it is important to seek the advice of the family doctor!
How can we treat the flu?
To treat the flu, symptomatic drugs are administered first, in combination with vitamins, and adequate hydration is recommended. Antiviral substances can also be administered, which relieve the symptoms. The family doctor must be consulted from the first symptoms! Self-medication is not recommended under any circumstances, as there may be allergies to some substances.
How do we prevent the flu?
The most effective way to prevent the flu is through vaccination. EU member states recommend seasonal flu vaccination for risk categories. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the EU also recommend that countries improve vaccination coverage of health care workers. Most EU Member States follow WHO recommendations to vaccinate pregnant women, and some follow recommendations to vaccinate healthy children aged 6 months to 5 years.
Florentina Buboacă
Florentina Buboacă is graduate of the National College “Al.I.Cuza” Focșani, of the Faculty of Biology of the University of Bucharest, and currently she is a master’s student at the “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacău, majoring in Medical Biology.
Florentina Buboacă is a collaborator of Ziarului de Vrancea
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2023-09-15 23:58:30
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