Jakarta –
Not equal to each other, galaxy they form and evolve in different ways over time. It’s like proving that the universe has millions of secrets that are unknown to humans.
How galaxies might form is something of a mystery that needs to be unearthed for answers. Until finally a study answered that.
Launched by the cited Science Alert page detikEdu (9/1/2023), a team of Australian scientists has found the answer to galaxy formation. They took the example of a spiral galaxy like our galaxy, the Milky Way.
Spiral galaxies that have a good structure, can stand alone have the possibility of evolving and transforming into galaxy clusters made up of many lenticular and elliptical galaxies that are not clear.
The final research in particular sheds light on a previously unexplained strange phenomenon concerning the relationship between density and morphology. Why did it happen?
Evolution Galaxy
Astronomer Joel Pfeffer of the University of Western Australia and the International Center for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR) explains that spiral galaxies can evolve because their arms are so fragile.
As they move around and find galaxy clusters with higher densities, spiral galaxies can lose their gas and cause them to break apart to form separate galaxies with lenticular shapes.
Not only breaking apart and forming new ones, the evolution of galaxies can occur due to the merger of two galaxies. This can happen when two spiral galaxies collide with each other. Eventually the two will form a large elliptical galaxy.
Further research into galaxy formation and evolution is being explored through a project called Evolution and Assembly of Galaxy and Environments (EAGLE). EAGLE researchers observe changes in the galaxy in real time over long periods of time.
Evolution and Assembly of Galaxies and Environments (EAGLE)
EAGLE project researchers trained an algorithm to recognize new galaxies and drop them into a simulation. The result is 20,000 identified galaxies per minute.
Thus they argued that EAGLE could accurately answer the relationship between density and landform that occurs in the real universe.
Once located, the scientists observed an evolutionary path that led to the dominance of a certain type of galaxy in three different places. Such as places where the environment is high density, where there is gravitational interaction and where many galaxies collide.
The result has been that many galaxies occasionally “escape” to regions of space with lower densities. This happens when galaxies and supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies merge.
By merging galaxies and supermassive black holes, a spiral galaxy with new arms can be formed again.
Supermassive black hole (black hole)
In creating a new galaxy, supermassive black holes play a key role. When they merge and form an active galactic nucleus, several phenomena occur.
One of them is the phenomenon of very strong winds and radiation from extreme space because the combination of the two produces the explosion of a black hole.
Various intergalactic gases that surround it will also be lost and will be replenished when the spiral arms in intact galaxies such as the Milky Way form again.
Finally, the researchers explained that all the mechanisms of galaxy evolution are consistent with previous theories on how galaxies change over time. They will merge or split and the evolution of larger galaxies will occur.
Even so, Joel Pfeffer says discovery is the first piece of work that will unlock the answers and put the puzzle pieces together on galaxy and the future universe.
Watch a video “Scientists reveal exciting discoveries about stars in the Milky Way galaxy“
[Gambas:Video 20detik]
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