Tonga’s Underwater Volcano Sighting During an Eruption / WION NEWS
JAKARTA, kilat.com- The intense eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai on January 15, 2022, broke all records for direct injection of water vapor by volcanoes or vice versa in the “satellite era”. It also sends large amounts of ash into the stratosphere.
According to a study published in Geophysical Letters, the massive explosion ejected water vapor to a height of 53 km.
“Eruption of Tonga may be the first volcanic eruption observed to impact climate not through surface cooling caused by volcanic sulfate aerosols, but rather through surface warming caused by excess water vapor,” the study notes.
As per Live Science, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano erupted with a force equivalent to 100 Hiroshima bombs, making it the most powerful explosion to have occurred on Earth in more than 30 years.
The explosion shook the entire world, making the atmosphere “ring like a bell” and causing a tsunami to hit adjacent coastlines.
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More than 590,000 lightning strikes occurred over three days due to the eruption. Its ash and dust clouds rose higher into the atmosphere than any previous eruption in history.
The massive explosion released some toxic gases and a lot of water into the atmosphere, both of which are now damaging our planet’s stratosphere. How much water is accelerated by a volcano?
According to experts from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the University of Edinburgh, and NorthWest Research Associates, the eruption injected an unparalleled amount of water enough to fill 58,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools.
The Olympic standard swimming pool is 50 meters long, 25 meters wide and 3 meters deep. What dangers can come from water in the atmosphere?
Large volumes of SO2 are usually released into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions, which cool the world. Surprisingly, Tonga does not emit much HCl or SO2.
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“These eruptions could have an impact on climate not through cooling of the surface due to sulfate aerosols, but rather through heating of the surface due to the radiative power of excess stratospheric H2O,” the study said.
This means that the researchers warn that this extra water may radiate heat, warming the atmosphere as well as greenhouse gases.
The water-warming effect is likely to outlast the gas-generated cooling effect as it is expected to last longer than other volcanic gases such as sulfur dioxide, which typically falls from the atmosphere within two to three years.
According to geologists, this suggests that the Tonga explosion may be the first eruption known to have a warming effect on the world rather than a cooling effect. (nda)
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