Vaccination campaigns against COVID-19 in the world continue despite supply difficulties in several nations, especially those in development.
In all countries that already apply vaccines, they have begun to immunize health personnel and the elderly, who are one of the most vulnerable sectors to COVID.
After these groups, the others will follow according to their age and chronic diseases, although the order depends entirely on the health authorities of each country.
Within all sectors in a population, who can choose a vaccine and who cannot? The Federation of Spanish Scientific Medical Associations (FACME) has the information you need.
People with COVID-19 after the first dose
Most of the vaccines that have already been approved for emergencies are two doses to achieve the desired immunity.
If they gave you the first dose and before the next you got COVID, the FACME recommends that, if it is health workers or people under 55 years of age and without risky diseases, they wait 6 months for the second injection.
In the case of people over 55 years of age or with chronic diseases, it is necessary to wait for the recovery of the patient and the end of the isolation period to administer the second dose.
People with allergic reactions
If you were given the first dose and in the next 30 minutes you had a moderate allergic reaction, the FACME recommends that the second injection not be administered until an allergy study is done.
Moderate allergic reactions include acute generalized urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, isolated dyspnea, among others.
The question is more delicate if you had severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) after the first dose. In that case, the second dose should not be given and also do the allergy study.
Breastfeeding
The FACME mentions that so far no evidence has been found that vaccines against COVID-19 affect women, lactation or babies.
Therefore, with the information now available, vaccines are safe for breastfeeding women as well as for the nursing infant.
Pregnant women
The FACME details that “pregnancy does not constitute a contraindication in the technical data sheet of the vaccine”, therefore it is possible to administer it to pregnant women.
However, this group of the population should be clear that there are still not enough studies to detail the adverse effects it could have on a pregnancy.
In tests done on pregnant animals, there were no adverse effects, but there is no extensive information on humans.
Therefore, the application of the vaccine against COVID in pregnant women should be a voluntary and informed decision; that is, all the patient’s conditions should be reviewed with a doctor and evaluated if the application of the doses is feasible.
Boys, girls and adolescents
The Pfizer vaccine has been licensed for people 16 years of age and older; meanwhile, Moderna, for people 18 years of age and older.
Why? There are results that minors are less affected by COVID-19. Just over 10 percent of all cases are in this group, according to FACME.
Therefore, children and adolescents are not one of the priority groups in the face of the pandemic. However, it is recommended that, in the face of neurological diseases of patients who attend therapies, the case of the COVID vaccine is analyzed before a doctor.
Immunodeficient patients
The FACME mentions that, as with pregnant women, there is not much information available about the consequences of the COVID vaccine in people with immunodeficiencies or in treatment.
However, it details that “the vaccines can be administered to immunosuppressed patients and it is expected that the safety profile will be similar in them than in the general population.”
In addition, he adds that mRNA vaccines, such as those from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, degrade rapidly within cells and have no insertion or replication capacity. “Therefore they are suitable vaccines for administration in immunosuppressed patients.”
Cancer patients
FACME has only one recommendation for this population group: yes, cancer patients should be vaccinated against COVID-19.
“Cancer patients are a group to be prioritized since they have a higher risk of mortality from COVID-19. Due to their higher risk, patients who are receiving treatment for cancer or those with advanced cancer, especially patients, should be prioritized. with lung cancer and hematological neoplasms “, he details.
To review all FACME recommendations, click here.
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