Jakarta, CNN Indonesia –
Suez Canal It has become a concern in recent days because a giant ship has sunk, causing congestion on the global trade route that has been built since the time of the Pharaohs.
Since before Christ, Egyptian leaders have seen the benefits of building maritime lines in the area that is now the Suez Canal.
In the past, Egypt needed a maritime route for the movement of their warships to make it easier to cross the Mediterranean, or at least the Nile River to the Red Sea.
Quoted from the official website of the Suez Canal, the Suez Canal, the Pharaoh who ruled from 1887-1849 BC, Senusret III, finally ordered the first excavations for the construction of the Suez Canal.
Via the Nile River and its branches, it connects the Mediterranean Sea to the north with the Red Sea to the south.
This canal is often left behind to cause silting. The line was then reopened for shipping by Sity I (1310 BC), Necho II (610 BC), Persian King Darius (522 BC), Polemy II (285 BC), Kaisat Trajan (117 AD), and Amro Ibn Elass (640 AD). M).
Under Necho II, the construction of a passage between the Pelussian Nile River to the north was encouraged, which reportedly cost 100,000 lives. As a result, Necho II was overthrown by the opposition.
Despite costing many lives, Necho was the first to try to connect the canal with the Eritrean Sea, Red Sea and the Gulf of Suez.
However, the Red Sea receded for centuries after that and the trail of a mud-clogged canal faded into desert.
After being abandoned, the line was rebuilt by the Persian ruler Darius I (522-486 BC). According to Herodotus, the canal was wide enough so that two galleys or long warships could pass each other.
Ptolemy II Philadelphus then extended the canal towards the Red Sea. However, construction was abandoned by the early Roman government, before it was rebuilt by Trajan (98-117 AD).
Over the next several centuries, once again, the Suez Canal was abandoned and was often dredged by various rulers for various purposes.
Until finally in 1875, Said Pasha redeemed the Suez Trust for around 400,000 pounds sterling.
Under the terms of the Constantinople Convention in 1888, the canal was opened to ships from all countries without exception. However, Britain considered the canal important to its maritime power and colonial interests.
After briefly fighting over the Suez Canal, Britain and Egypt signed an agreement in 1936. The agreement allowed Britain to increase its defenses along the Suez Canal Zone.
However, Egypt repeatedly demanded Britain evacuate the Suez Canal. In 1954, the two countries signed a seven-year treaty that replaced the 1936 treaty. The treaty also included the gradual withdrawal of all British troops.
After the Revolution in 1952, the President of Egypt, Gamal Abd El Naser, declared that the management of the Suez Canal was under Egyptian control. A number of countries were furious that they led to the Triad attack in Egypt in October 1956.
Throughout modern history, the Suez Canal was closed twice. The first closings were brief, during the Anglo-French-Israeli feud with Egypt in 1956.The canal reopened in 1957.
The second closure occurred after the war with Israel in 1967 to 1975. At that time, Egypt and Israel signed an agreement to release the Suez Canal. A year later, in March 1957 to be precise, the canal was opened again.
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Illustration of the Suez Canal. (Reuters / Mohamed Abd El Ghany)- – |
Since then, Egypt has managed the Suez Canal, one of the world’s important trade routes. Last year, about 19,000 ships passed through the route.
The ships are carrying more than one billion tonnes of cargo. From the voyage, Egypt received revenues of US $ 5.61 billion or around Rp.81 trillion.
In 2015, the Egyptian government undertook a massive expansion to extend the waterway to 193.3 km and its depth to 24 meters. Thus, the canal can be passed by supertankers with a capacity of around 217 thousand tons.
AFP reports that Suez Canal traffic is expected to nearly double by 2023 with two-way circulation reducing waiting times.
(isa/has)
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