Alzheimer’s disease is the most common dementia affecting memory; the picture is a picture of the situation and the people in the picture have nothing to do with this article. (photo taken from freepik)
[Compilation of Chen Chengliang/Comprehensive Report]The Alzheimer’s drug “Lecanemab” jointly developed by the Japanese pharmaceutical company “Eisai” and the American biotechnology company “Biogen” was approved by the United States on 6. Approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), it is the first drug shown to slow cognitive decline, although experts warn that use of the drug also increases the risk of side effects, including brain hemorrhage and brain edema.
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease, which accounts for 5 to 7% of patients with dementia. The disease process is related to the deposition of amyloid protein in the brain and the defect of the Tau protein. However, the development of related drugs mostly ends in failure.
The FDA approved lecanemab with conditions after an initial study found that the drug reduced levels of the sticky amyloid protein in patients with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. The two companies will market the drug under the brand name “Leqembi”.
The drug is the first to definitively demonstrate in studies that reducing amyloid has clinical benefits for patients, and although doctors say its effects are relatively modest and far from a cure, it is the first step in a decade-long search for A.D. Alzheimers. it is a milestone in a new treatment for dementia and could mark the beginning of a shift in the United States’ approach to the most common form of dementia and a leading cause of death.
Comprehensive Phase 3 clinical trial data released by the two drug companies in November last year showed the drug significantly slowed the cognitive decline of patients with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease, which was 27 percent better than that of subjects taking a placebo. Regarding side effects, the rate of cerebral edema caused by Lecanemab was 12.6%, but only 2.8% had symptoms; the cerebral microbleed rate was 17.3%; the placebo group had only 1.7% brain edema, 9% brain microbleeds, and even 2 people in the experiment die in the process.
Bart De Strooper, director of the British Dementia Research Institute, pointed out that Lecanemab is the first drug to provide a real treatment option for Alzheimer’s patients, “Although the clinical benefit appears to be limited, it can be expected that if administered over time, the effect will become more pronounced.”
The two companies mentioned above began cooperation in the development and sale of drugs for the treatment of this disease in 2014, including “Aduhelm” approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) last year. been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA).
Lecanemab, like Aduhelm, is an intravenous antibody used to clear amyloids, but the former targets amyloids that have not yet built up. Peterson, the director of Alzheimer’s at the ‘Mayo Clinic’ in the United States, believes that the side effect rate of Lecanemab is much lower than that of Aduhelm, which is in the range of “obviously tolerable”.
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