Get to know Jovian Planet and its Members Page all

KOMPAS.com – Planet Jovian may still be foreign to the ear. It’s not a planet in the solar system, but a group of planets.

according to University of Colorado di Boulder, The Jovian planet is essentially a large ball of gas, each surrounded by many moons and rings.

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune collectively form a group known as the Jovian Planets.

Quoted from the page Universe Today, July 6, 2016, the term Jovian comes from Jupiter, the largest outer planet and the first planet to be observed using a telescope (by Galileo Galilei in 1610).

Jupiter or Jove is the name of a Roman god. Jovian means anything related to Jupiter. Jovian can also be interpreted as a planet similar to Jupiter.

Even so, not all Jovian Planets are like Jupiter. Reported Space, March 10, 2022, Uranus and Neptune are very different.

The label Jovian Planet is also used to describe Jupiter-mass exoplanets found outside the solar system, according to Swinburne University of Technology.

Also read: 5 Surprising Facts about the Planets in the Solar System

What do all the Jovian Planets have in common?

All planet Jovian is a gas giant, consisting of hydrogen and helium gases with varying degrees of heavier elements.

The term gas giant was first used in science fiction in 1952 by writer James Blish. It is used to refer to a large planet.

At the time of Blish’s writing, no planets have been discovered outside the solar system, nor have any spacecraft taken off from Earth.

In addition to having a large lunar system, each of these planets also has its own ring system.

In addition, these gas giants are equally less “surface” than the terrestrial planets.

Scientists define the “surface” of a gas giant as the region where the atmospheric pressure exceeds one bar (the pressure found on Earth at sea level).

Also read: 8 Unique Facts about the Planet Uranus, Has Rings and Has the Coldest Temperature

Structure and composition

still from Universe Today, This gas giant is made up mostly of hydrogen and helium.

These elements correspond to structures distinguished between an outer layer of hydrogen and helium molecules surrounding a layer of liquid hydrogen (or metal) or volatile elements, as well as possibly a liquid core with a rocky composition.

Due to their differences in structure and composition, the four gas giants are often classified into gas giants and ice giants.

The gas giants are Jupiter and Saturn. The ice giants are Uranus and Neptune.

This is due to the fact that Neptune and Uranus have higher concentrations of methane and heavier elements (such as oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur) inside.

Atmospheric conditions

The atmospheres and weather patterns of the four gas/ice giants are very similar. The difference is that the atmosphere gets colder as the planet gets further away from the Sun.

Each Jovian planet has a different cloud layer whose height is determined by its temperature, so gases can condense into liquids and solids.

In short, because Saturn is cooler than Jupiter at certain elevations, its cloud layers occur deeper in its atmosphere.

Uranus and Neptune, because of their lower temperatures, are able to hold condensed methane in their frigid troposphere, while Jupiter and Saturn cannot.

The presence of methane is what makes Uranus and Neptune blurry blue. Jupiter is orange-white in color, due to the mixing of hydrogen.

Meanwhile, upwelling phosphorus, sulfur, and hydrocarbons produces speckled areas. Then the ammonia crystals make a white ribbon.

Also read: 7 Facts about Planet Neptune: It has rings to Earth-like gravity

Weather patterns

Like Earth, Jupiter experiences auroras near its north and south poles. But on Jupiter, auroral activity is much more intense and rarely stops.

It is the result of Jupiter’s intense radiation, magnetic field, and the abundance of material from the Io volcano reacting with Jupiter’s ionosphere.

Jupiter also experiences violent weather patterns. Wind speeds of 100 m/s (360 km/h) are common in zone jets, and can reach up to 620 kph (385 mph).

Hurricanes form within hours and can reach thousands of km in diameter overnight. One storm, the Great Red Spot, has been raging since at least the late 1600s.

Saturn’s atmosphere is similar to that of Jupiter’s, exhibiting long-lived ovals that can sometimes be several thousand kilometers wide.

The Great White Spot aka the Great White Oval is a unique but short-lived phenomenon that occurs every 30 Earth years.

Winds on Saturn are the second fastest among the planets of the solar system. Its speed reaches 500 m/s (1800 km/h).

Uranus’s weather follows a similar pattern in which the system is broken up into bands that rotate around the planet, which are driven by internal heat that rises into the upper atmosphere.

Winds on Uranus can reach up to 900 km/h (560 mph), creating major storms such as those seen by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2012.

Because Neptune is not a solid body, its atmosphere undergoes a differential rotation. This differential rotation is the most pronounced of any planet in the solar system.

It produces strong latitudinal wind friction and severe storms. The first large anticyclone storm was seen measuring 13,000 x 6,600 km and resembling Jupiter’s Big Red Spot. That’s known as the Great Dark Spot.

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