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The original dam was built between 1929 and 1935. Soon, however, it was not enough, so the Swiss decided to build a larger dam. It grew between 1951 and 1965 and the new lake flooded the old dam.
Dam length: 700 m. Dam height: 285 m. Maximum depth: 284 m. Dam length: 4 km.
Aswan High Dam (Egypt)
It is located on the Nile River in Egypt near Aswan and is one of the largest water structures in the world. After the original Low Aswan Dam almost overflowed in 1946, it was decided in 1952 to build a new work, located 6 km upstream from the old dam. The project was significantly strengthened by the then Soviet Union, which provided funding and approximately 2,000 engineers. The world’s leading experts from all fields also worked on the construction. The design and planning was mainly in charge of German engineers.
The Aswan High Dam was completed in 1971. It is 480 km long and 16 km wide at its widest point. The water area also covers the territory of Sudan, has a volume of 132 km3 and it is called Lake Nasser. The spillway is a pyramidal shape made of granite stone and a core of cement and clay. The dam can flow up to 11,000 m3 water per second. In addition, there are other safety overflows in the dam for another 5,000 m3 vody za sekundu.
Dam length: 3600 m. Dam height: 111 m. Maximum depth: 180 m. Dam length: 480 km
The largest in the Czech Republic
Orlík Dam
The largest dam in the Czech Republic is Orlík in terms of the volume of water retained. It is part of the Vltava cascade in southern and central Bohemia. It was built in the years 1954–1961 and dammed the flow of the Vltava River near Solenice in the Příbram region. It is named after the Orlík chateau, which once stood on a rock above the deep valley of the Vltava and is now only a few meters above the surface of a dam lake.
Its reservoir is 68 kilometers long and, in addition to the Vltava, also extends to the Otava and Lužnice rivers. The dam holds 716.5 million cubic meters of water. The construction of the 81.5 meter high concrete dam is composed of a total of thirty-three separate blocks separated by expansion joints. These are sealed with rubber with a century-old warranty.
Orlík can also be proud of the most powerful hydroelectric power plant in the Czech Republic. However, the dam also has another use – recreational.
In 2002, Orlík passed a tough test, when for seventeen hours he was able to delay the greatest onslaught of the flood, which was heading for Prague. The dam withstood excellent. The damage, which the flow manager calculated at 100 million crowns, did not affect the body of the dam. However, the water tore up the so-called broth, which is the area under the dam, the current also washed out the adjacent banks and access roads, and the water also damaged the hoist and the power plant.
Dam length: 450 m. Dam height: 91 m. Maximum depth: 74 m. Dam length: 68 km
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