Jakarta –
Prophet Muhammad SAW is the end of the prophets for Muslims. During his duty to uphold Islam, Prophet Muhammad faced many challenges.
The Quraish’s boycott of Bani Hashim became one of the great challenges faced by the Prophet SAW.
Quraish boycott of Bani Hashim
Summarized from the book Sirah Nabawiyah by Abul Hasan Ali al-Hasani an-Nadwi, Islam began to spread in various tribes. The Quraish held a meeting and planned to write a letter of agreement to boycott Bani Hashim and Bani Muttalib.
The Quraysh agreed not to hold marriages and not to carry out buying and selling with these two groups. The results of their meeting were written on a sheet as a letter of agreement that would be mutually adhered to. They hung the letter in the Kaaba in order to gain legitimacy.
When the boycott was implemented, Bani Hasyim and Bani Muttalib sided with Abu Talib. They entered with Abu Talib into the boycotted group. This happened in the month of Muharram in the 7th year of prophethood.
While Abu Lahab bin Abdul Muttalib stated that he left Bani Hashim. He chose to join the Quraysh.
The Bani Hashim who survived had to feel exhausted because of the narrowness of the blockade. They ate samur leaves, their children convulsed with hunger, until their cries could be heard from afar.
They have been on boycott for three years. The Prophet SAW continued to preach to his people both secretly and openly. The Bani Hasyim remained patient and considered everything.
The Breakdown of the Agreement and the End of the Boycott
Several people from the Quraysh who had a high position and sense of social solidarity took action. Among those who stand out is Hisham bin ‘Amr bin Rabi’ah.
They acted because their souls were in conflict with the Quraish decree. They did not agree with the oppressive letter.
Hisyam was a man from the Quraysh who was passionate about peace. He has a high position among his people.
It evokes feelings of empathy and self-esteem as men. The five of them gathered and agreed to cancel the boycott letter.
The next day when the Quraysh were in their meeting, Zuhair bin Abi Umaiyah said, “O people of Makkah! Will we eat food and wear clothes, while Bani Hashim are in a state of suffering, cannot have trade relations with us? Indeed, I won’t sit down until that nasty boycott letter is destroyed.”
Abu Jahl, who wanted to interfere in the discussion, was not allowed. Then al-Muth’im bin ‘Adi got up and went to the boycott letter to tear it up.
However, al-Muth’im discovered that almost all of the boycott letters had been eaten by termites. Only the phrase “bismikallahumma” (in Your name, O Allah) remains.
At that time, Rasulullah SAW knew about this and informed Abu Talib. So, the letter was destroyed and all its contents were invalid.
The Impact of the Boycott by the Quraysh
Summarized from the book Reading the Sirah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in the Highlights of the Al-Qur’an and Sahih Hadiths by M. Quraish Shihab, the boycott by the Quraish was very detrimental to the Bani Hashim and Bani Muttalib. Not only in the health aspect, but also in the development of Islamic da’wah. Even Abu Talib and Khadijah, who accompanied the Prophet SAW, died after the boycott.
Even though it is very detrimental, the boycott is not entirely negative. The boycott by the Quraysh opened the eyes of the general public to the presence of a new teaching that calls for nobility of character, whose adherents are willing to make sacrifices to defend their religion or out of sympathy for its proponents.
The Bani Hisham and Bani Muthalib get a certain share of the spoils of war, moreover they are not allowed to receive zakat. These two peoples obtained the right as a divine reward for their absolute support to the Prophet Muhammad SAW.
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2023-12-02 22:00:29
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