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Cortisol is the body’s endocrine hormone, also known as the “stress hormone”. Excessive cortisol secretion may cause systemic effects, ranging from hyperactivity and insomnia to psychosis, high blood pressure, diabetes and other diseases. Therefore, it is very important to let the body be in a relaxed state at the right time. Psychiatrist Mary Ann. Marian Rojas combined psychiatry and psychology in the book “Honey, It’s Not Your Fault” to provide practice methods for understanding emotions and help readers manage emotions. The following is an excerpt from the original book:
The Multiple Functions of Cortisol
You must have experienced a moment when your cortisol was elevated. Maybe you were driving and someone passed you recklessly. Although nothing happened and you didn’t hit the person, your body still felt threatened. Get your heart racing – even though nothing happened! This is our body’s warning signal. That being the case, what is the function of cortisol?
Cortisol has profound effects on many systems in the body:When our cortisol is elevated, our fight-or-flight mechanism is turned on, and blood flows from the gut to the muscles, helping to reinforce the flight or defense action—which is why we lose our appetite when we’re in pain. An elevated heart rate, meaning the heart beats fast, increases blood circulation and delivers nutrients to the muscles, allowing them to respond to eventual threats.
Cortisol inhibits insulin secretion:Release glucose and protein into the blood. So if cortisol isn’t properly regulated, it doesn’t take long before the dreaded diabetes develops.
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Cortisol helps regulate the body’s osmotic system and fluids:This is the key to controlling blood pressure, and it also affects bones. When cortisol is too high, it may cause osteoporosis in hypertensive patients, and it also has certain effects on muscles, such as causing spasms, sudden pain or cramps.
Cortisol profoundly affects the immune system and is the first to suppress inflammation:We will discuss this in more detail next, as it is an indispensable knowledge to understand some serious diseases. When you’re stressed, your body stores energy first, because the immune system needs a lot of energy—that’s why when you’re sick, you feel exhausted, because most of the body’s energy is directed to the defense system.
When cortisol is abnormal, it can also affect various functions of the endocrine system:
Stress and pain can affect a woman’s menstrual cycle or her chances of conceiving.
The growth of the body will be inhibited.
Thyroid secretions may become irregular, such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, or other thyroid-related disorders may develop.
Added to this is an effect related to physical growth, which is the use of all stored energy by the body in the face of an imminent threat.In order to gather these energies, the body paralyzes and blocks any useless secretion or consumption, which may include growth-related functions. The human body loses millions of cells every day and needs to regenerate cells every day, but if we let stress interfere with cell growth, the body starts to get sick because it doesn’t have the ability to replace lost cells.
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What happens when you return to the trauma scene?
Suppose some time later, you return to the theater where the sirens went off last time. At first, you’re sitting in the same position, but all of a sudden, you’re on high alert for no apparent reason. You stand up, scan the emergency exits around you, then start to reconsider the seat you have chosen, and finally decide to change the seat to be closer to the escape door. In this situation, you relive the pain of the last time, and in that moment, your body produces as much cortisol as it did when the alarm bells went off.
The human brain and body mechanisms cannot distinguish reality from imagination. The brain has a profound effect on our inner balance. When we think about something we worry about, its effect on the body is actually similar to when it actually happened. When we imagine some inescapable events in our mind, the body’s warning system will be activated and release cortisol, because our body thinks it’s time to start responding to the threat.
Elevated cortisol is harmful to the body
Chronic worry or feeling threatened, whether real or imagined, can raise cortisol levels by 50 percent. The following facts are fundamental to our understanding of stress:Real danger and threat are not the only things that trigger the body’s response mechanisms. If we are constantly worrying about losing our job, friendship or property, or constantly feeling that our identity, status in the group or role in the group is questioned, it will be in exactly the same way. way to start.
Cortisol is a cyclical hormone that decreases at night, reaches a peak around 8 am, and then slowly declines. Cortisol release also has a specific pattern, usually related to the rhythm of the day, with more release upon waking to benefit the ability to be active during the day, then a gradual decline, and as night falls, it begins to rise slightly again.
Stress is one of the main factors that cause the body’s inflammatory response. During the process of stress-induced body inflammation, it will also cause major changes in the normal functions of the three pillars (endocrine, immune and neurons) that maintain health. The relevant changes are as follows:
In the endocrine system, the body responds by releasing cortisol and norepinephrine. When levels of cortisol in the blood are too high, the inflammatory response changes.
The immune system is also very much involved in the inflammatory response, and defense cells with specific cortisol receptors on the cell membrane become more sensitive and cannot precisely control inflammation.
The nervous system is responsible for preparing and coordinating the body’s response to threat or danger. The brain, via the peripheral nervous system (the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role), and with the help of the endocrine system (cortisol), puts the rest of the body on alert—these signals cause the above changes in the organism in response to danger. If you are under chronic stress, the adaptation and response mechanism will become too tight, which will not only cause the imbalance of nerve function, but also lead to various diseases.
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(This article is excerpted from/Dear, it’s not your fault: use brain science to unlock the mystery of psychological operation, let you become the master of life, get out of the emotional haze, and live the best of yourself/ dialect culture)
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2023-08-10 04:21:13
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