[The Epoch Times, 30 ottobre 2022](The Epoch Times reporter Li Wanhong compiled and reported) Scientists have seen huge, unseen structures in space that span nearly a billion light-years, according to a new study. emit weakwirelessincandescence. The research team’s new discovery could provide new clues to some of the key unsolved mysteries in the universe.
The study noted “gianthalo“(Megahalos) is made up of high-energy particles. But what gives it energy and how they lookcluster of galaxiesAmong them, the reason behind this is not yet clear.To find out the answers to these questions you will not only discover huge oneshaloand it will also explain some fundamental and unsolved puzzles in the universe, including the large-scale network of matter and gas that connects the universe—cosmic spider webdetails.
From Virginia astrophysics at the University of Hamburg, a research team led by Virginia Cuciti used low-frequency array telescopes to scan hundreds of distant locationscluster of galaxiesdiscovered four huge halos. Low-frequency arrays are spread across EuropewirelessTelescope observers, which are quite sensitive to low frequency radios.
The four giant halos are associated with some smaller radio halos. These tiny radio halos are scattered structures of electrons traveling close to the speed of light (also known as relativistic electrons) and have been observed in many galaxy clusters. The size of the giant halo is 30 times larger than the small halo observed earlier, but its brightness is 20 times dimmer.
According to the article published in the journal “Nature” on September 28, the researchers said that the existence of the huge halo shows that outside the wireless halo, driven by the magnetic field, its functioning mechanism also maintains a large number of relativistic electrons. The researchers also added that “the mechanism of operation of this large-scale radio transmission is still unknown.”
Deeply explore clusters of galaxies
“When we were analyzing a series of data from galaxy clusters in this study, we found some important clues about large-scale radio emissions. So we decided to re-examine all the sample images from 310 galaxy clusters. Our goal was to Per find similar launches, “continued Cusiti. “When we found that three other galaxy clusters in the sample showed radio emissions with similar scale and characteristics to the target, then it became clear that we had indeed discovered a new type of cosmic phenomenon that opened up the use of radio observations to explore galaxies. Possibility in areas outside the regiment.
Clusters of galaxies can contain hundreds or thousands of galaxies, and the gravitational interactions between them make them some of the brightest and most chaotic environments in the universe. Even from billions of light years away, we can often clearly see the brightest parts of galaxy clusters through telescopes on Earth. However, we know very little about the darker spaces between galaxies “within the cluster”.
Scientists have previously observed radio halos at the center of many galaxy clusters, particularly those that are merging together. This means that electrons obtain energy from galactic fusions and thus, under the influence of strong magnetic fields, form swollen halo structures. The newly discovered giant halos have quite unique properties, indicating a different energy supply mechanism, possibly related to the turbulence caused by the dissipation of gravitational energy in the middle of the galaxy cluster.
“There is a lot more to learn about the giant halo,” Cusiti said. “We need more sensitive radio observations to see the properties of these exotic radio sources and to understand if giant halos are present only in some galaxy clusters or are present in most galaxy clusters. Low frequency The array is currently in progress. phase of upgrade to Low Frequency Array 2.0 and we are very confident that its greater sensitivity will help us find answers to these questions ”.
“Through these observations, we now have some measurable data on the outer regions of the cluster,” he continued. “Since it appears frequently in astrophysics, we will include computer simulations in the study. We plan to conduct a wide-ranging computer simulation project of cosmology aimed at replicating the existence and properties of giant halos.”
useful for greater understandingcosmic spider web
The cosmic web is a “sophisticated filament structure” that spans the universe and, through these efforts, the research team will eventually come to new insights into the cosmic web. Galaxy clusters made of gas and mysteriousdark matterformed and appear at the intersection of these filaments. Matter in the darker outer regions flowing between the filaments gradually accumulates in galaxy clusters, but this dark region remains difficult to investigate. Giant Halos now offer a new way to explore the dark and elusive fringes of galaxy clusters.
“The fact that we can study these regions through giant halos means that we can see how energy is dissipated during the formation of large-scale cosmic structures and how particles are accelerated when the plasma density is extremely low,” said Siti. “Furthermore, the giant halo is also a very important step towards direct detection of the large-scale structure of the universe.”
“The existence of ultra-dense filaments, walls and clusters of matter in the universe can generally be inferred from observations of galaxies in these regions, but we are now beginning to understand the plasma to be observed,” he added. “The ultimate goal is to understand the unique states of matter in the ultra-dense regions of the universe and trace their structure and deduce their evolutionary patterns.”
The golden age of radio astronomy
The Low Frequency Array Telescope is part of a new generation of ultra-sensitive radio arrays. It will revolutionize our understanding of the universe by revealing extrasolar objects, examining the vast cosmic web and many other discoveries. Scientists are also very much looking forward to the completion of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA), which will be the most sensitive radio telescope ever built and put into operation within the next decade.
“This will be the golden age of radio astronomy.” The radio wavelengths that can be observed on Earth range from a few meters to tens of meters. “The low-frequency array opens up a whole new observation window, covering the lowest radio frequencies we can observe from Earth,” Cusiti said.
“On the other hand, unprecedented transnational cooperation on the square kilometer array will lead to the creation of the most sensitive and accurate radio interferometer (a series of cooperative radio telescopes) ever built by humanity.” cover a variety of key topics in modern astrophysics, such as the study of the early universe, the formation of the first stars and black holes, and the still mysterious dark energy, and understanding the origin of magnetic fields in space. “◇ #
Responsible editor: Sun Yun
