Physicists observing the quantum state, theorized more than 50 years ago, by pairing electrons in artificial atoms in superconductors, created a basic version of superconductivity. The present invention demonstrates the behavior of electron pairs (bosons) which can coexist in the same space, unlike single electrons. This work has implications for advancing the understanding of superconductivity in nanostructures and its potential application in modern quantum computers.
Find the coupling of electrons in artificial atoms
Researchers from the Physics Department of the University of Hamburg have observed a quantum state that was theoretically predicted by Japanese theorists more than 50 years ago, but has so far remained undiscovered. with synthetic stitching Corn On the surface of a superconductor, researchers have succeeded in pairing electrons from so-called quantum dots, thus creating the smallest possible version of the superconductor. The work appears in the latest issue of the magazine alam.
Electron behavior and superconductivity
Electrons usually repel each other because of their negative charge. This repulsion phenomenon plays an important role in influencing many material properties, one of which is electrical resistance. However, the situation changes radically if electrons are “glued” in pairs and thus a boson. Unlike free electrons, which repel each other, pairs of bosons can coexist in the same space and carry out identical movements.
3D rendering of several structures built atom by atom of silver (knoll). A rectangular and circular letter cage is shown in the upper left quadrant of the image. Credit: Lucas Schneider
Superconductivity is one of the most interesting properties of materials containing these electron pairs – the ability to allow electric current to flow unhindered. Superconductivity has been exploited for many technological applications over the years, such as magnetic resonance imaging and highly sensitive magnetic field detectors. With the continued miniaturization of electronic devices, there is a growing interest in understanding how to achieve superconductivity in smaller, nanoscale structures.
Electron coupling in artificial atoms
Researchers from the Department of Physics and Excellence Group “CUI: Advanced Imaging of Matter” at the University of Hamburg have realized electron coupling in artificial atoms called quantum dots, the tiniest building blocks for nanostructured electronic devices. For this purpose, the researchers, led by PD Prof. Jens Wiebe of the Institute for Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, traps electrons in tiny cages they build from silver, atom by atom.
By attaching locked electrons to an elemental superconductor, the electrons inherit the tendency to pair from the superconductor. Together with a team of theoretical mass physicists, led by Dr. Thor Boesky, the researchers correlated experimental signatures, spectral peaks at very low energies, with the quantum state predicted by Kazushige Machida in the early 1970s by Fumiaki Shibata.
While the country has so far avoided direct detection by experimental methods, recent research by two teams from the Netherlands and Denmark shows that it is useful in suppressing unwanted noise in qubit transmissions, an essential building block of modern quantum computers.
In a private email, Kazushige Machida wrote to the publication’s first author, Dr. Lucas Schneider: “Thanks for ‘finding’ my old paper half a century ago. I have long thought that non-magnetic transition metal impurities produce state gaps, but their location is very close to the gap edge.” superconductors, and therefore impossible to prove its existence. But with your ingenious method I finally verified that it was true experimentally.”
Reference: “Approximation of Superconductivity in a Quantum Dot Created Atom by Atom” By Lukas Schneider, Khai That Ton, Eunice Ionides, Janice Neuhaus Steinmetz, Thor Boesky, Roland Weisendinger, and Jens Wiebe, 16 Aug. 2023, Available Here. alam.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06312-0
2023-08-19 21:26:04
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