Narrowing yield gaps crosses all crops equally. In this sense, cereals or oilseeds have a yield to be explored.
The bean It is a typical and key crop of the Argentine northwest, although it also has space in the rotations of other regions.
In this sense, Wenceslao Tejerina (View photo), technical advisor to “Agroestrategias Consultores” and detailed key aspects that reduce yield gaps in beans.
Making an analogy, Tejerina recalled that when she competed in the long jump as a child, she was told that look at the sky when jumping to get as far as possible. “So much so that every time I think about promoting a crop, the same question arises: where do I have to go and what is the goal,” he asks.
So, to get to the “sky” of the yields in this crop, you have to look at the soil and the management since it has a potential for yield of 6,000 kilos per hectare and only he reaches 1,400 kilos per hectare.
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Among the issues highlighted by the advisor, who did a special job on yield gaps for Stoller, explains that the problems are that it is hardly fertilized, it is inoculated very little, therefore there is little root development, it is also very susceptible to thermal stress and hydric and thermal amplitudes affect various phenological processes.
So, for Tejerina, it is necessary to emphasize some fundamental management issues to begin to narrow performance gaps.
Among the main and initials is the promotion of root growth, which is the basis for building performance.
“We can do this with good basic fertilization, application of humic and / or fulvic acids, hormones, amino acids, solving physical soil problems,” he quotes, considering that the roots are the “brain” of the plant since it develops there nodulación of the crop and where the biological nitrogen fixation will be carried out.
Another essential aspect that will favor the increase in bean yield is a soil analysis because this legume requires the application of a varied amount of nutrients.
“There are 13 nutrients that are essential. Without them, the crop cannot complete its cycle properly, ”says the advisor.
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According to a survey by “Agrostrategias Consultores” in poroteras areas, they detected deficiencies of various nutrients.
They registered deficiencies in 100% of the cases of sulfur, 40% of deficiencies in magnesium and iron, and between 17% and 30% of the samples with absence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
In this sense, the advisor advises, according to certain situations, that leaf chlorosis problems are associated with nitrogen, sulfur, magnesium, iron and manganese. It also points out that to improve flower and pod retention it is achieved by providing potassium, copper, boron and calcium. On the other hand, ensuring the filling of the grains is related to potassium, boron and molybdenum.
By way of conclusion, the advisor emphasizes that, “to the extent that knowledge in the crop nutrition increase, integrated with the rest of the factors of the general management we will be able to point to the sky of the bean yield ”.
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