Diet can play an important role in both the prevention and management of kidney stones. Doctor Anca Aramescu, specialist in diabetes, nutrition and metabolic diseases at the Smart Nutrition clinic points out the essential information that we must remember in the case of kidney stones.
In short, a kidney stone is a solid mass made up of crystals in the urine. Most stones are made up mainly of calcium, followed by those of uric acid.
The symptomatology is varied, from asymptomatic patients to acute abdominal or flank pain, nausea, vomiting, urinary urgency, penile or testicular pain, etc.
What are the risk factors for the development of kidney stones?
Insufficient water intake or important losses (malabsorptive diseases, chronic diarrhea, osteoporosis, diabetes, gout) Medicines: topiromate, acetazolamide Family or personal history of lithiasis Hyperprotein diet (of animal origin), high intake of sodium, foods rich in oxalates or excessive sugar (sucrose and fructose), insufficient intake of calcium, excessive supplementation of vitamins C and D.
The patient should contact the doctor for a therapeutic nutrition consultation. Depending on the type of kidney stonesthe food plan must be customized for calcium lithiasis, oxalic lithiasis, phosphophatic lithiasis, phospho-magnesian/struvite lithiasis (1%), uric lithiasis, cystine lithiasis, xanthine lithiasis.
General nutrition recommendations, regardless of the type of stones
Optimal water intake: 33 ml/kgc, to have an adequate diuresis and avoid the accumulation of calcium or uric acid. so much teas from cherry stems, dandelions or those from nettles or rooibos as well as coffee can be used due to its diuretic properties, thus diluting the substances that could lead to the formation of kidney stones and contributing to the elimination of small ones. Also, an optimal diuresis also reduces the risk of urinary infections, which are associated with a greater possibility of developing kidney stones. Sauna, intense physical exercise, prolonged exposure to heat are associated with decreased urine production and favor the formation of mineral deposits in the urinary tract and kidneys. Avoid juices (especially those with an increased amount of fructose), sweetened tea and grapefruit juice. Prevention of urinary tract infections.
Avoid foods with high oxalate content: black or green tea, sorrel, tomatoes, beets, spinach, parsley, celery, walnuts, sweet potatoes, oranges, strawberries, excess vitamin C, cocoa, pepper, dark chocolate.
Eat 3 servings of dairy a day, along with other foods. Avoid calcium supplements.
Eat a moderate amount of protein: 20-25% of total caloric intake. High-protein diets will increase renal calcium excretion, which increases the risk of stone formation.
Avoid high salt intake. Avoid excess vitamin C supplements: more than 1000 mg of vitamin C/day can produce oxalates in the body.
Read more about kidney stones:
Renal lithiasis (kidney stones): why it occurs and how is it treated?
Prof. Dr. Marcian Manu: what are the signs of urinary lithiasis
Why are the tests that measure urea, creatinine, uric acid, along with the urine summary and urine culture important?
How we can prevent and detect kidney stones (urinary lithiasis)
Important rules for healthy kidneys
2023-08-24 08:38:02
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