Cytokine storm is a condition due to an excessive immune response, recognize the cause

Launching yankes.kemkes.go.id, the cytokine storm is a condition characterized by constitutional symptoms, systemic inflammation, and multi-organ dysfunction. This, if not treated properly, can lead to multiple organ failure. Almost all cytokine storm patients have a fever until high fever can occur in severe cases. Additionally, patients may also experience fatigue, anorexia, headache, rash, diarrhea, arthralgia, myalgia, and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

These cytokine storm symptoms may be caused directly by cytokine-induced tissue damage or acute phase physiological changes or may be a cell-mediated immune response of the body. Symptoms present in patients who develop a cytokine storm are those that can rapidly progress to disseminated intravascular coagulation with vascular occlusion or catastrophic bleeding, dyspnoea, hypoxemia, hypotension, haemostatic imbalance, vasodilatory shock, and death.

Most patients have respiratory symptoms, including coughing and tachypnea (very rapid breathing), which can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), with hypoxemia that may require mechanical ventilation. The combination of hyperinflammation, coagulopathy, and low platelet counts puts cytokine storm patients at high risk for spontaneous bleeding.