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Astronomers have solved a 900-year-old mystery surrounding the origin of a supernova first seen in China in 1181.
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Nationalgeographic.co.id—According to an international team of astronomers, a 900-year-old cosmic mystery surrounds the origin supernova The famous one that was first seen in China in 1181 AD was finally solved. Supernova China, also known as the ‘Chinese Guest Star’, was first observed by Chinese and Japanese astronomers in the 12th century.
According to Chinese and Japanese astronomers, this twelfth century explosion was as bright as Saturn. So bright and prominent, that this cosmic mystery remained visible to astronomers for six months. That’s a long time to learn it.
New research published on September 15, 2021 in the journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters entitled The Remnant and Origin of the Historical Supernova 1181 AD, said that a rapidly expanding faint cloud (or nebula), called Pa30, was seen surrounding one of the Milky Way’s hottest stars, known as Parker’s Star (Parker’s Star), matched the profile, location, and age of the historic supernova.
Although astronomers were able to obtain its location in the visible sky, modern astronomers have been unable to identify the remnants of the explosion. To this day, the source of this 12th-century explosion remains a mystery, until this latest discovery was made.
These pieces of the cosmic puzzle have led the research team to the possible cause of the ancient lightning: a supernova whose remains are now forming a nebula called Pa30.
These nebula clouds are moving so fast (extreme velocities of more than 1,100 km per second) that, in new research, scientists from Hong Kong, England, Spain, Hungary, and France found that Pa30 dust and gas can travel the distance from Earth to the Moon in a matter of seconds. only five minutes. Using that speed and counting down, the researchers determined that the nebula matched a supernova that exploded around 1181. The image of the nebula was obtained thanks to the Kitt Peak National Observatory telescope.
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University of Manchester
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A faint nebula called Pa30 (depicted in three different images with colors showing X-ray emission) has been identified as a 12th century explosion.
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There have only been five bright supernovae in the Milky Way in the last millennium (starting in 1006). Four other supernovae are now known to modern science and include the famous Crab nebula.
Reported from Tech Explorist, Prof Zijlstra, a Professor of Astrophysics at the University of Manchester, said, “History reports place the guest star between two Chinese constellations, Chuanshe and Huagai. Parker’s star fits perfectly into his position. That means the age and location match the events of 1181.”
He added in his explanation, “Only about 10% of supernovas are of this type, and they are not well understood. The fact that the SN1181 is dim but fades very slowly is perfect for this type. This is the only event where we can study the remaining nebulae and merged stars, also having a description of the explosion itself.”
Also Read: Supernova Details at the Beginning of the Explosion, Captured the First Time
University of Manchester
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Recent research shows that the stars Parker and Pa30 are partners of supernova 1181 (pictured on the star chart).
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Pa30 and Parker’s star have previously been confirmed as the result of the merger of two white dwarfs. Such an event is thought to lead to a rare and relatively faint type of supernova, referred to as a ‘Type Iax Supernova’.
“The merging of remnant stars, white dwarfs, and neutron stars gives rise to extreme nuclear reactions and forms very neutron-rich heavy elements such as gold and platinum. Combining all this information, such as the age, location, brightness of the event, and the historically recorded duration of 185 days, indicates that the star Parker and Pa30 are a pair of SN 1181. This is the only Type Iax supernova in which detailed study of the stellar remnant and nebula is possible. It’s great to be able to solve these historical and astronomical mysteries.” said Prof. Zijlstra.
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