Meat production is hard on the planet. According to a 2021 study, meat accounts for nearly 60% of all greenhouse gases from global food production. Livestock not only produce methane, but raising animals also requires a significant amount of land and resources. Another recent report found that three-quarters of global agricultural land is used for livestock production.

Given these environmental impacts, it is important to consider ways to balance our dietary needs with the potential benefits of reducing our reliance on meat. A 2022 study suggested that reducing global beef consumption by 20% could halve deforestation over the next 30 years.

However, many consumers are concerned about getting enough protein in their diets, and animal products are often seen as an easy source of this essential nutrient. Protein is one of the six essential nutrients that the body needs to function properly. It plays a crucial role in growth, repair, and the overall functioning of the body.

Why is it important to get enough protein?

Protein is a fundamental macronutrient that the body needs for various functions. When consumed, protein is broken down into amino acids, which are used to build and repair tissues, produce hormones and neurotransmitters, and strengthen muscles and bones. It is a vital component of every cell in the body.

How much protein do people need?

The typical protein recommendation is 0.5 grams of protein per pound of body weight per day for an average healthy adult. However, individual protein needs can vary depending on factors such as age, activity levels, medical conditions, and genetics. The US government’s dietary guidelines suggest an adult intake of between 5 and 7 ounces of protein per day, while the UK government recommends between 45 and 55.5 grams per day.

It’s worth noting that most Americans tend to consume more protein than recommended without consciously trying. However, if individuals have concerns about protein intake, signs of inadequate protein consumption can include slow healing of wounds or frequent illness.

What are good environmentally friendly sources of protein?

When it comes to minimizing the environmental impact while meeting protein needs, plant-based protein sources are an excellent choice. Fruits, vegetables, beans, lentils, and legumes have significantly smaller environmental footprints compared to meats and cheeses. Tofu and soy-based products are also rich in protein and offer all the essential amino acids.

It’s important to be mindful of highly processed meat substitutes like vegan chicken or plant-based burgers. These products may contain substantial amounts of protein, but they are often high in sodium and saturated fats. However, they can be useful as transition foods for individuals struggling to adopt a more climate-friendly diet.

Furthermore, even for individuals who choose not to eliminate meat entirely, increasing consumption of plant-based protein sources can be beneficial. While most Americans consume adequate protein due to high meat intake, specific protein subgroups such as nuts, seeds, and soy products are often under-consumed.

What are sustainable sources of animal protein?

If reducing meat consumption is a more realistic approach than eliminating it entirely, opting for less environmentally harmful products and reducing red meat consumption is recommended. Red meat, in general, has a larger carbon footprint than poultry or fish. However, large-scale poultry production also raises concerns about environmental sustainability and animal welfare.

Buying higher-quality, lower-impact meat products or sourcing meat locally can make a difference. Seeking transparency and sustainability when purchasing meat is crucial. Cutting back on meat consumption can also have a positive impact. Allocating a smaller portion of a meal to meat and incorporating other protein sources like beans can be a healthier and more planet-friendly approach.

Is lab-grown meat a good source of protein?

Lab-grown meat is still new and undergoing testing. While it has the potential to address environmental and ethical concerns, more research is needed on its impact. The sale of lab-grown products is currently limited, with regulatory processes still underway.

Evaluating the environmental impacts and consumer acceptance of lab-grown meat is a nuanced process. Analysis of its impact is relatively limited compared to traditional livestock production. Therefore, more comprehensive research and understanding are necessary before lab-grown meat can be considered a definitive protein source.