Traits of ADHD Might Have Given Evolutionary Advantage, Researchers Say
Researchers suggest the ADHD traits might relate to our ancestors’ foraging tactics
Traits commonly associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), such as distractibility and impulsivity, might have actually provided an evolutionary advantage for our ancestors in the realm of foraging for food. According to a study published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, researchers have found a potential explanation for the higher prevalence of ADHD compared to random genetic mutations alone.
Understanding ADHD and its prevalence
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as impulsiveness, disorganization, and difficulty focusing. While estimates of its prevalence have varied, diagnoses have been on the rise in numerous countries, including the United Kingdom.
Exploring the advantages of traits like distractibility and impulsivity
In a groundbreaking research, a team led by Dr. David Barack from the University of Pennsylvania analyzed data from 457 adults who participated in an online foraging game. The objective of the game was to collect as many berries as possible within an eight-minute timeframe. The researchers discovered a correlation between individuals with higher ADHD-like symptoms scores and their tendency to spend shorter periods in each patch of bushes, indicating a propensity to actively seek new foraging locations. Interestingly, these individuals also gained more points in the game than their counterparts with lower ADHD-like symptoms scores.
Implications for ADHD prevalence and evolutionary advantages
The study’s findings align with previous research suggesting that populations with nomadic lifestyles, which thrived on exploration, tend to have genes associated with ADHD. Dr. Barack acknowledges the study’s limitations, particularly that ADHD-like symptoms were self-reported rather than a clinical diagnosis. He further emphasizes the need for future experiments involving individuals diagnosed with ADHD and real-world foraging tasks to provide a more comprehensive understanding.
Expert insights and understanding the contemporary perspective
While ADHD is often associated with significant negative consequences, Professor Michael J Reiss from University College London, who was not part of the study, believes that in situations where physical activity and prompt decision-making are highly valued, traits associated with ADHD may prove advantageous. He explains that the modern environment amplifies the challenges posed, turning ADHD into a substantial issue.
