Here’s a breakdown of the provided text,focusing on the effects of the discussed supplements on muscle mass in older adults:
Strongest evidence: Creatine has the strongest evidence for improving muscle mass and strength in older adults.
Synergistic Effects: It effectively works well when combined with exercise and other nutrients like protein and vitamin D.
Indirect Bone Support: It indirectly supports bone health, likely due to its positive impact on muscle.HMB (β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate):
Limited Evidence for Older Adults: Most evidence is not available for community-dwelling older adults.
Modest Effects: Studies conducted show modest effects, primarily observed for hand grip strength, rather than notable increases in muscle mass or overall performance.
Inconsistent Results: HMB’s ability to enhance muscle strength is noted as having inconsistent results.
Potential Synergies: May work synergistically with other supplements (vitamin D, creatine, protein, probiotics) to enhance muscle growth, but results vary.
Targeting the Gut-Muscle-Bone Axis: These supplements aim to influence muscle and bone health by modulating the gut microbiota.
Potential for Muscle Improvement: Probiotics, like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, may improve muscle function and mass.
Limited Well-Designed Trials: Though,well-designed clinical trials specifically in older adults are limited.
Scarce Human Data: Most evidence for probiotic effects in older people is based on animal models or mixed-age populations. Human data for prebiotics in older adults is also scarce and strain-specific.
Varied Effects: Their effects vary by individual and bacterial strain.
Overall Summary of Muscle mass Effects in Older Adults:
Creatine: Shows the most promise and strongest evidence for improving muscle mass and strength.
HMB: Has modest and inconsistent effects on muscle strength, with limited evidence for significant mass gains in older adults.
* Prebiotics and Probiotics: Offer potential through gut modulation,but the evidence for direct muscle mass improvement in older adults is still developing and requires more robust research.
The text emphasizes that while these supplements show promise, further research is crucial to optimize their use and identify specific populations that would benefit most.
