The South African G20: A shift in Global Diplomacy
the recent G20 summit hosted by South Africa signals a notable rebalancing within global diplomacy, moving towards greater inclusivity and a heightened focus on the Global South. this shift was underscored by several key developments, including a diplomatic rebuff to attempts by the Trump administration to influence the handover of presidency to a minor US official. Instead of the preferred arrangement, South Africa conducted a low-key handover ceremony between officials of comparable rank at the South African Ministry of International Relations & Cooperation, effectively downgrading the US request.
Beyond procedural matters, the summit itself highlighted a structural change in global engagement. The inclusion of the African Union as a full G20 member, alongside 52 references to Africa within the final G20 Declaration, demonstrates a intentional effort to bring the continent to the forefront of international discussions. South Africa actively sought to connect the G20 to broader African concerns, but it’s important to acknowledge that the nation doesn’t fully represent the diversity of the continent.
several non-african G20 members also increased their engagement with African initiatives, facilitated, arguably, by the absence of the Trump administration. Germany, in partnership with South Africa, continued to lead the G20 Compact with Africa, focused on economic growth and job creation.
The summit also saw increased visibility for institutions comprised of Global South nations. While the absence of Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin was noted, the BRICS+ group maintained a strong presence, bolstered by the attendance of Egypt, Ethiopia, and the UAE as guest countries. Notably,the IBSA forum – comprising India,Brazil,and South Africa – experienced a revival,with leaders Narendra Modi,Lula da Silva,and Cyril Ramaphosa holding a publicized meeting and committing to deeper cooperation. This renewed focus on IBSA positions these democratic nations, lacking permanent veto power on the UN Security council, as distinct from China and russia.
Despite these advancements, the South African G20 largely avoided direct engagement with pressing geopolitical conflicts like those in Ukraine, Gaza, and Sudan, focusing instead on broader issue-specific priorities.
Looking ahead, the gains made during the south African summit are likely to face challenges. The US, under a potential second Trump administration, is expected to contest this rebalancing dynamic. Following the summit, narratives emerged suggesting a need to “restore legitimacy” to the G20, referencing the 2006 US-hosted summit. It is anticipated that the 2026 G20 summit,scheduled to be held at the Trump National doral Miami golf resort,will be a significant test of this evolving global order and a potential arena for further contestation.
(Photo by Carlos Herrero via Pexels)
