U.S. Gaza Resolution Faces Hurdles Despite Concessions
Negotiations surrounding a U.S.-drafted resolution concerning the stabilization of Gaza are proving complex, with several nations raising concerns despite recent American concessions. The core of the debate centers on the future political status of Palestine and the composition and oversight of a proposed international stabilization force.
Initially,objections focused on the resolution’s lack of explicit commitment to a future independent Palestinian state. the revised draft attempts to address this, stating that a “credible pathway to Palestinian self-determination and statehood” may emerge after substantial reforms within the Palestinian Authority and notable progress in Gaza’s redevelopment. The U.S. also pledges to initiate dialog between Israel and the Palestinians to establish a “political horizon for peaceful and prosperous coexistence.”
The updated draft clarifies the phased withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza, linking it to the stabilization force’s establishment of control and adherence to agreed-upon “standards, milestones and timeframes” related to demilitarization. However, securing international participation in the stabilization force remains a challenge. The United Arab Emirates, a key U.S. ally, has publicly expressed reservations, citing a lack of a clear framework for the force’s operation and declining to commit troops under current conditions.
The situation is further complicated by the differing perspectives of key players. Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu opposes both Palestinian statehood and a Gaza governed by the Palestinian Authority, despite the resolution’s language seemingly opening a door for a Palestinian role. Furthermore,questions persist regarding the “Board of Peace” proposed in the resolution,with nations seeking clarity on its membership and operational procedures.
A sense of urgency is building among some security Council members, who beleive swift adoption – even with imperfections – is crucial to maintain momentum following recent ceasefire developments. Though, the U.S. is reportedly growing frustrated with the protracted negotiations,fearing a return to conflict with each passing day.
Facing potential deadlock, the U.S. appears to be considering three primary options: accepting significant amendments to the draft,putting the current version to a vote in the Security Council (requiring nine affirmative votes and no vetoes from the permanent members – Russia,China,France,Britain,and the U.S.), or forging a “coalition of the willing” outside the U.N. framework to independently fund and deploy a stabilization force.
The potential for vetoes from Russia and China looms large. Sources indicate Moscow and Beijing are seeking substantial cuts to the draft, primarily focusing on the stabilization force’s mandate and ensuring it reports directly to the Security Council.
A central challenge within the resolution remains the disarmament of hamas, a key component of the 20-step ceasefire and reconstruction plan. The draft calls for the force to oversee “the process of demilitarizing the Gaza strip” and the “permanent decommissioning of weapons from non-state armed groups.” The resolution also outlines the force’s role in securing borders, coordinating with egypt and Israel, and ensuring the unimpeded flow of humanitarian aid, alongside a vetted Palestinian police force. Emphasis is placed on the “full resumption” of aid delivery through established international organizations, with safeguards against diversion.
