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Malaria Cases Surge in Southern africa Amid Climate Change, Threatening WHO Goals
A significant increase in malaria cases is being reported across Southern Africa, with countries like Botswana, Namibia, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe experiencing outbreaks. This surge is directly linked to rising temperatures and extreme weather patterns,accelerating the spread of the disease,according to Africa correspondent Sophie van Leeuwen. The outbreaks are occurring as international aid for malaria control faces potential reductions.
Zimbabwe has seen a notably dramatic rise, with malaria-related deaths increasing by approximately 200% in the first four months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. This increase coincides with concerns over decreased funding from organizations like USAID, which previously supported malaria control programs in the region. Dr. Agnes Binagwa,Zimbabwe’s National Malaria Control Programme Manager,confirmed the escalating situation in a recent statement to the World Health Organization (WHO).
The situation is further intricate by logistical challenges in vaccine rollout. While the RTS,S/AS01 (Mosquirix) malaria vaccine, developed by GSK and PATH, and the R21/Matrix-M vaccine, developed by the University of Oxford and Serum Institute of India, offer promising protection, ensuring widespread and timely access remains a hurdle. The WHO prequalified R21/Matrix-M in December 2023, paving the way for increased production and distribution.
The WHO’s goal to reduce malaria cases by 90% by 2030, compared to 2015 levels, is increasingly at risk. Dr. pedro Alonso, Director of the WHO Global Malaria Programme, has expressed concerns about the potential for setbacks due to climate change and funding constraints. Current projections suggest that without intensified efforts, the 2030 target will be missed.
UNICEF’s representative, Dr. Leila Ngwakum,emphasizes the need for sustained investment in malaria prevention and control. She highlights the importance of continued government funding, expanded vaccination campaigns, and robust diagnostic testing to ensure early detection and treatment. Ngwakum specifically called for increased funding for mosquito net distribution programs,citing a critical shortage in several affected regions.
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