Israel–Palestinian Prisoner Exchange Follows ICJ Ruling, Fuels Complicity Concerns Over Fuel Supplies
GAZA/BRAZIL – Following the return of a hostage body by hamas and Islamic Jihad on Thursday, Israel reciprocated by returning the remains of 15 Palestinian prisoners. This exchange occurs amid growing international scrutiny over states supplying Israel with fuel during the ongoing conflict in Gaza, with a new report alleging potential complicity in actions deemed by some to constitute genocide.
Oil Change International released a report Thursday detailing oil shipments to Israel between November 1, 2023, and October 1, 2025. the analysis, conducted with research firm Data Desk, identified 323 shipments totaling 21.2 million tonnes of crude and refined petroleum products. Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan accounted for 70% of crude deliveries, while Russia, greece, and the United States were the leading exporters of refined products. Notably, the united States was the sole supplier of JP-8, a fuel used for military aircraft.
The NGO argues that these states knowingly provided fuel during a period of alleged atrocities. ”Their complicity is documented here to hold them accountable.These states must recognize their role in this genocide and stop their complicity,” stated Oil Change International.
The report’s release coincides with COP30 in Brazil and highlights the NGO’s broader campaign for a transition away from fossil fuels, framing the conflict as fueled by a system contributing to both climate crisis and alleged genocide.
International legal context surrounding the situation is intensifying.the International Court of Justice (ICJ) has ruled that Israeli actions in Gaza are illegal, and a UN commission has concluded that “genocide” is being perpetrated in the Palestinian enclave. Irene Pietropaoli,a researcher in human rights and economic affairs at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law,emphasized the legal obligations stemming from the ICJ’s ruling.
“States must consider that their military or other assistance to Israel could expose them to a risk of complicity in genocide under the Genocide Convention,” Pietropaoli stated. She further noted that states are legally required to respect the ICJ’s provisional order to “prevent and punish genocide.”
