Korea University Study Links Depression, Diabetes to Accelerated Dementia Risk
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Seoul, south Korea – October 29, 2025 – A landmark 12-year study tracking over 330,000 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has identified key lifestyle and health factors that dramatically increase teh risk of progressing to Alzheimer’s dementia. Researchers at Korea University Guro Hospital found that depression, lack of exercise, low body weight, and diabetes are major contributors to dementia growth.
The extensive research, conducted by a team including Professors Kang Seong-hoon and Oh Gyeong-mi of Korea University Guro Hospital, Research Professor Min-woong Kang of the Cancer Research Institute, and Professor kyeong-won Baek of Anam Hospital, provides crucial insights into modifiable risk factors for dementia. This is notably significant in South Korea, where the population is aging rapidly and dementia prevalence is rising. The findings offer a pathway toward preventative strategies tailored to the Korean population’s unique health characteristics, diverging from predominantly Western-focused dementia research.
Key Findings from the 12-Year Cohort Study
Researchers analyzed data from the National Health Insurance Service, following 336,313 adults aged 40 or older diagnosed with MCI between 2009 and 2015. The study revealed a sharp increase in dementia conversion rates after age 70. Individuals with depression faced a 1.7 times higher risk of developing dementia compared to those without. Infrequent exercise increased risk by 1.2 times, while being underweight and having diabetes increased risk by 1.3 and 1.37 times, respectively.
| Risk Factor | Increased Risk |
|---|---|
| Depression | 1.7x |
| Lack of exercise | 1.2x |
| Underweight | 1.3x |
| Diabetes | 1.37x |
| Coronary Artery Disease | Increased |
| Hemorrhagic Stroke | Increased |
Conversely, regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, moderate alcohol consumption, urban living, and higher income were identified as protective factors. Interestingly, while cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery disease and hemorrhagic stroke increased risk, hypertension and ischemic stroke did not show a significant association with dementia progression. This suggests that blood sugar control and mental wellbeing are paramount in preserving cognitive function.
Did You Know?
Dementia is not solely a consequence of aging; lifestyle choices and mental health management play a significant role in delaying its onset.
Implications for Dementia Prevention
the research team underscored the importance of addressing modifiable factors
to mitigate dementia risk. They recommend at least 150 minutes of weekly aerobic and strength training, a Mediterranean-style diet rich in vegetables, fish, and nuts, and consistent weight management. Effective diabetes and cardiovascular disease management, alongside treatment for depression and stress reduction, are also crucial. Moreover, fostering social connections and engaging in mentally stimulating activities like reading or playing musical instruments can contribute to dementia prevention.
Pro Tip:
Prioritizing mental health and regular physical activity are powerful steps you can take today to protect your cognitive future.
“This study clearly shows what factors must be managed to slow down the progression of dementia and reduce the risk of developing it. It is significant in that the decline in cognitive function can be alleviated just by regular exercise, controlling weight and blood sugar, and maintaining mental health,” said Professor Seong-Hoon Kang.
Professor Kang emphasized that while medication is important, it must be integrated with lifestyle improvements and chronic disease management. The team plans to continue research focused on prevention-oriented brain health strategies.
The study’s findings were published in Scientific Reports (IF 4.6), a peer-reviewed, open-access journal from Nature Portfolio. Scientific Reports is a highly regarded SCI-level international academic journal. The research received funding from Korea University Guro Hospital and the National Research Foundation of Korea.
Frequently Asked Questions About Dementia Risk
- What is mild cognitive impairment (MCI)? MCI is a stage between normal age-related cognitive decline and dementia, characterized by noticeable problems with memory, thinking, or reasoning.
- Can I prevent dementia? While there’s no guaranteed prevention, this study highlights several modifiable risk factors – lifestyle and health choices - that can significantly delay or reduce your risk.
- How much exercise is recommended? the study suggests at least 150 minutes of aerobic and strength training per week.
- Is diabetes a major risk factor for dementia? Yes, the study found that having diabetes increased the risk of developing dementia by 1.37 times.
- What role does mental health play in dementia risk? Depression was found to increase dementia risk by 1.7 times, emphasizing the importance of mental wellbeing.
What are your thoughts on these findings? Share your experiences and questions in the comments below! Don’t forget to share this article with anyone who might benefit from this critically important information. Consider subscribing to our newsletter for more health and wellness updates.
