Video Games Under Scrutiny for Predatory Practices

Global study reveals concerns over loot boxes and manipulative techniques targeting players.

Video game developers are under increased scrutiny for potentially unfair practices, as a recent international study reveals concerns about how some games may manipulate players, particularly through mechanisms like loot boxes that mimic gambling.

ICPEN Investigation Findings

The International Consumer Protection and Supervision Network (ICPEN) conducted tests on 439 mobile and online games between March 31 and April 11. The investigation uncovered tactics used by developers that could be harmful to consumers.

• A key concern was the prevalence of “Loot Box” (or “Treasure Chests”), a gambling-like feature. These boxes offer unknown in-game items or currency.
• Loot boxes and virtual purchases were found in games with age ratings as low as 3 years old, exposing young children.
• Only a third of game developer websites disclosed the presence of loot boxes.
• “Fear of Missing Out” or “Fear to Lun” tactics were observed in 24% of games, pressuring players to make purchases.
• A large 60% of the tested games promised rewards to encourage players to return.

According to a 2024 study by the Entertainment Software Association, 76% of U.S. parents require their children to get permission before making in-game purchases, illustrating a growing awareness of these issues ESA.

Latvian Review of Online Games

The Consumer Rights Protection Centre (CRPC) in Latvia reviewed five online games registered in the country. Four of the games were available on both mobile and computer platforms, and all operated on a “Free-to-Play” model.

Observed issues included:

• Aggressive advertising in four games, with a €3 fee to remove ads.
• Virtual currency systems designed to leave players with residual amounts, encouraging further purchases.
• Loot box features were present in three games.

Ongoing Monitoring and Consumer Protection

The CRPC plans to continue monitoring the video game industry and conduct further examinations, with a focus on specific games and genres.

More information on consumer protection can be found at https://www.ptac.gov.lv/lv/jaunums/eiropas-savienibas-un-dalibvalstu-pateretaju-aizsardzibas-iestades-nepieciesams-pastiprinat-bernu-aizsardzibu-spelejot-video-speles.

The ICPEN report is available at https://icpen.org/sites/default/files/2025-06/ICPEN%20Sweep%20on%20Mobile%20and%20Online%20Games%202025%20Public%20Report.pdf.