Hospitalizations for Infection Considerably Raise Dementia risk, New Research Shows
WASHINGTON, D.C. – Older adults hospitalized with infections face a substantially increased risk of developing dementia, a new study reveals. Published in October in the journal Aging-US, the comprehensive analysis of over 4.2 million patients found an 83% higher risk of all-cause dementia following an infection-related hospital stay.
The findings underscore a growing concern as the population ages and hospitalizations for infection remain prevalent. With dementia impacting 50 million people globally each year and costing the U.S. healthcare system over $300 billion annually, understanding and mitigating factors that contribute to its progress is critical. This research identifies a significant, previously under-quantified risk factor, potentially opening avenues for preventative interventions and improved post-hospitalization care for vulnerable seniors.
Researchers analyzed data from 16 studies conducted across six countries – the United Kingdom,United States,Taiwan,Finland,netherlands,and New Zealand. The analysis, encompassing 4,266,276 patients, represents the most comprehensive review to date examining the link between infection-related hospitalizations and long-term brain health.
The study demonstrated the elevated dementia risk persisted for years after the initial infection, with the highest risk occurring within the first year. Sepsis posed the greatest threat, followed by pneumonia, urinary tract infections (UTIs), and skin and soft tissue infections.
“Our study is also the first to provide hazard ratios (HRs) on the impact of various common infections on the risk of developing all-cause Dementia,” the authors stated. They further noted that infections in the elderly contribute to one-third of all deaths in those 65 and older, often leading to functional decline, increased risk of heart attack and stroke, and exacerbation of existing chronic conditions.
Older adults already represent a disproportionate share of hospital resources, comprising less than 13% of the U.S. population yet accounting for more than 40% of hospitalizations and nearly half of all hospital costs, according to data published in International Psychogeriatrics. This new research highlights the potential for long-term cognitive consequences stemming from these acute events, further emphasizing the need for proactive strategies to protect brain health in aging populations.
