The Romanian government signed a Letter of Offer and Acceptance (LOA) on November 21, 2024, to procure 32 F-35A Lightning II fighter jets from Lockheed Martin, becoming the 20th nation to join the F-35 program. The deal, valued at $7.2 billion, was approved by the U.S. State Department in September and subsequently ratified by the Romanian Senate.
This acquisition marks a significant evolution in Romania’s defense strategy, bolstering its military capabilities with fifth-generation fighter technology. According to Lockheed Martin, the F-35 will enhance Romania’s national security and deterrent capability. The purchase represents a commitment by Bucharest to allocate 2.5% of its Gross Domestic Product to defense spending.
The decision by Romania to procure the F-35 is part of a broader trend within Europe. Thirteen European countries – Norway, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Italy, Finland, Germany, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Poland, Greece, and now Romania – have committed to purchasing the American-made fighter jet. This trend has occurred despite the existence of European alternatives.
“We are pleased to welcome Romania into the F-35 enterprise,” stated Lt. Gen. Mike Schmidt, director and program executive officer of the F-35 Joint Program Office. “The integration of the F-35 Lightning II aircraft into the Romanian Air Force will significantly strengthen NATO’s deterrence capabilities by providing unmatched strategic, operational, and tactical advantages.”
The Romanian acquisition includes 33 Pratt & Whitney F135-PW-100 engines, with 32 designated for installation and one as a spare. The deal also encompasses a wide range of supporting equipment, including communications, avionics, targeting systems, encryption suites, missiles, ammunition, maintenance equipment, and logistical support.
U.S. Ambassador to Romania Kathleen Kavalec described the F-35s as “advanced fighter jets” that will be a “key step in the ongoing modernization of the Romanian Armed Forces and will contribute significantly to the long-term defense of the NATO Alliance and our collective security.”
Romania’s move to acquire the F-35 is expected to strengthen NATO’s eastern flank, particularly in the Black Sea region, amid ongoing geopolitical tensions. The Romanian Air Force currently operates F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft, and the transition to the F-35 represents a substantial upgrade in its air combat capabilities. Lockheed Martin has maintained a defense and security partnership with Romania for nearly 30 years.
As of November 2024, over 1,060 F-35 aircraft are operational globally, accumulating more than 940,000 flight hours. The F-35 program currently involves 20 international customers.
