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China‘s Revised Public Security Administration Punishment Law Takes Effect January 1, 2026
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China's revised Public Security Administration Punishment Law, effective January 1, 2026, addresses new social challenges with updated regulations and law enforcement procedures.">
Beijing, China – A sweeping overhaul of China’s “Public Security Administration Punishment Law” culminated in its approval by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on Friday, June 27. The updated legislation is set to take effect on January 1, 2026, marking a significant shift in how public order and minor offenses are handled in the country.
The original law, enacted in 2005, has been in force for nearly two decades, serving as a tool to address illegal acts that fall short of criminal prosecution. The revised version aims to adapt to contemporary social developments, optimize law enforcement, and standardize the government’s approach to maintaining stability.
Key Changes in the Revised Law
The updated “Public Security Administration Punishment Law” comprises six chapters and 144 articles, focusing on illegal activities that disrupt public order, endanger public safety, infringe on personal and property rights, and obstruct social management. [[1]]
Did You Know? The revised law is sometimes referred to as the “small criminal law” because it addresses behaviors that are illegal but not serious enough to be considered crimes.
Specific Behaviors Targeted
- Disrupting Public Order: Cheating in examinations and organizing or leading pyramid schemes are now explicitly addressed.
- Endangering Public Safety: Throwing objects from high altitudes,operating unauthorized drone flights (“black flights”),and interfering with the normal operation of public transportation are prohibited.
Addressing Campus Bullying
in response to the growing concern over campus bullying, the new law specifically targets acts of “beating, insulting, or intimidation.” Public security management punishment or corrective education will be implemented. Schools failing to report or address such incidents will also face consequences. [[2]]
Protection for Minors
the revised law refines provisions related to minors,allowing administrative detention for those aged 14 to 16 who commit illegal acts twice within a year,or those over 14 committing serious first-time offenses.
Legitimate Defense and Acts of Bravery
The new law reinforces the right of citizens to take legitimate defense measures to protect themselves or others.It also explicitly protects acts of bravery, encouraging citizens to intervene in illegal activities. [[3]]
Pro Tip: Understanding your rights regarding legitimate defense can empower you to act confidently and legally in situations where you or others are threatened.
Controversial Clauses and “Harmful National Feelings”
Revisions were made to the controversial clauses addressing “harmful national feelings.” The law now specifically targets the wearing of clothing and logos that promote or glorify wars of aggression. Penalties for such acts include detention and fines.
Lawyer Wang Jun from Guangdong Weiqiang Law Firm noted that these revisions reflect the legislators’ intent to avoid ambiguity and potential criticism during implementation. The definition of “war of aggression” and “clothing logo” will likely be clarified through future implementation rules and policy guidelines.
Enhanced Law Enforcement Procedures
The revised law mandates synchronized recording and video recording of inquiries, verifications, and on-site inspections. Editing, deleting, damaging, or losing these materials will result in legal consequences. This aims to enhance openness and credibility in law enforcement.
cheng Fei, director of shanghai Huying Law Firm, emphasized that standardized operations and technological innovation support the new law, improving law enforcement transparency and credibility. The punishment measures and range are more flexible, making the punishment more targeted and effective.
Impact and Future Implications
The implementation of the revised “Public Security Administration Punishment Law” is expected to diversify social governance and enhance public safety. The law’s focus on addressing contemporary social issues and refining law enforcement procedures signals a commitment to maintaining stability and protecting citizens’ rights.
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