Medieval Skin Disease Seeing Resurgence in the UK
London, UK – A disfiguring skin disease once common in medieval times, known as cutaneous leishmaniasis, is experiencing a surge in cases across the United kingdom, raising concerns among health officials. The infection, spread by sandfly bites, causes open sores and lesions that some patients describe as feeling like ”something crawling” under the skin.
While historically associated with poverty and poor sanitation, the recent increase is linked to climate change and increased international travel, allowing sandflies to expand their range and bringing the disease back from endemic regions like the Mediterranean, Middle East, and parts of Asia. Experts warn that without prompt diagnosis and treatment, the condition can lead to meaningful scarring and disfigurement.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by a parasite transmitted through the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies.Symptoms typically appear within weeks to months after being bitten and begin as small bumps that develop into open sores. These sores can vary in size and appearance, often resembling insect bites or eczema, making diagnosis challenging. The disease is not typically life-threatening, but the resulting wounds can be painful, debilitating, and leave lasting scars.
The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has reported a notable rise in cases, particularly among travelers returning from affected countries. However, an increasing number of locally acquired cases are now being identified, suggesting the sandfly population is establishing itself in certain areas of the UK. “We are seeing more and more cases, and it’s crucial people are aware of the risks, especially if they’ve been to areas where leishmaniasis is known to be present,” stated Dr. sarah Price, a consultant dermatologist involved in treating recent cases.
Treatment options include topical medications and, in more severe cases, oral or intravenous drugs. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and to prevent complications. Public health officials are advising travelers to take precautions against sandfly bites, such as using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and trousers, and avoiding outdoor activities during peak biting times (dusk and dawn). the UKHSA is continuing to monitor the situation and conduct research to better understand the spread of the disease and develop effective control measures.
