test.
“`html
China’s Lunar Ambitions Soar After Key Spacecraft Escape Test
China has achieved a critical milestone in its lunar program, successfully completing an escape flight test for its Mengzhou spacecraft, also known as “
BEIJING, Oct. 12, 2024 (Xinhua) — China has begun the lunar landing phase of its manned lunar exploration program, with a plan to complete a manned lunar landing by 2030. Of all the challenges facing astronauts scientists and engineers working on the program, lunar dust is very small in size, but could pose a significant threat to lunar exploration missions.
However, Chinese researchers have found a simple, fast and promising way to build an anti-dust shield by fabricating the moon-dust surface through nanosecond laser spinning, according to a paper published in the journal Applied Materials and ACS Interfaces.
Moon dust threat
Lunar dust consists of tiny silicate particles that come from lunar rocks after long-term exposure to micrometeoroid impacts, solar wind, and cosmic radiation. Often tens to hundreds of microns in size, these particles are almost invisible to the naked eye.
Despite their small size, these particles pose a serious threat, as the high temperatures generated by meteorite impacts make them slow, sharp, sharp and electrified. This means that they can become attached to lunar exploration equipment and astronaut suits, threatening the operation of the equipment and the health of the astronauts.
Moon dust can easily enter the gaps and bearings of mechanical equipment and accumulate there regularly, leading to increased friction, intense wear and other problems in the operation of equipment, said Wang Xiao, the author of the paper and member of the research team from Xidian University.
Moon dust can also cause other parts of the lunar equipment to fail, as it may cover the device’s surface, especially important parts such as radiators, which prevent effective thermal radiation and make the device too cold or too hot.
In addition, lunar dust can adhere to optical lenses or solar panels, causing poor image quality and data collection accuracy, as well as preventing solar panels from absorbing sunlight, lead to sufficient power supply.
Nanosecond laser engraving
In this context, Wang Weidong, the leader of the Xidian University research team, pointed out that there are two types of anti-moon dust technology: active and passive. Active dust protection technology relies on external power sources. Due to limited lunar energy resources and the high cost of energy generation and storage, this active technology is rarely used.
In contrast, passive technology can protect equipment from lunar dust by changing the surface structure, choosing materials with self-cleaning properties, or applying a dust-proof coating to the equipment. This has become an important approach due to its efficiency, long-term reliability and energy independence.
Wang’s team chose aluminum as the material for this purpose because it is light, high-strength and corrosion-resistant, and then used nanosecond laser engraving to prepare multi-level, micro-structured surfaces with different structural parameters.
Nanosecond laser engraving is a material processing technology that uses an ultra-short pulse laser with a pulse length measured in nanoseconds, where a nanosecond is one billionth of a second.
The team achieved multi-level, micro- and nanostructures by tuning parameters including laser energy density, pulse frequency and length as well as scanning speed.
Anti-dust effect
In the process of using different parameters, the team found that the aluminum surface treated with a scanning area of โโ80 microns had the smallest contact area with dust particles, meaning that the best effect was the -face dust.
The study also found that the adhesion strength of moon dust to an aluminum surface engraved with nanosecond laser technology with a scanning area of โโ80 microns is 52 percent less than the adhesion strength of moon dust to an untreated aluminum surface.
In the same dust collection environment, the dust coating on a laser-treated aluminum surface is about 85 percent lower than the coating on an untreated aluminum surface. Additionally, dust collected on the laser engraved aluminum surface is easily cleaned through a combination of turbulence and gravity.
Wang Xiao revealed that the team will conduct extensive engineering tests and evaluations of this technology, with the hope that it will become one of the options used to protect the surface of a spacecraft.
Wang said that if this technology is proven effective, it can be applied to the surface of lunar vehicles, thermal control equipment, mechanical structures and solar panels, to maintain low maintenance of lunar dust, leading to more comfort and safety for a human study. attempts on the moon.
Jakarta (Lampost.co) – Space exploration has always had incredible costs and risks. NASA developing an innovative solution in the form of a house structure made of mushrooms that has the potential to be useful on the Moon and Mars.
According to recent reports, it costs about 1 million dollars per half kilogram of material to send to the Moon and the cost is higher for Mars. For this reason, NASA is now aiming to use local resources such as regolith (lunar dust) and water ice on the Moon to create more efficient building materials.
Chris Maurer, founder of Redhouse, an architectural firm that collaborates with NASA, explained the concept of InSitu Resource Utilization (ISRU) in the form of using local resources in space for construction.
Fungi can use the smallest resources on the Moon to grow into materials stronger than concrete. Therefore, it offers several advantages including radiation protection and thermal insulation.
The Mycotecture Off Planet Structures project is reaching an advanced stage of development at NASA to create space habitats that can grow directly on site. Mushrooms have the advantage of being fast growing, cost effective, and able to withstand extreme conditions on the Moon and Mars.
Maurer explained that the style of construction on the Moon is further out. This is because the pressure from the air inside the building means that the material must have good tensile strength, not compressive strength.
In addition to its structural strength, mushrooms have advantages in protecting against radiation. Melanin in mushrooms is able to absorb harmful electromagnetic radiation, reducing the effects of particle radiation that can damage cells and DNA.
Because, with only 8 cm of fungal cover, the structure can prevent more than 99% of the harmful radiation from 3 meters of regolith to achieve equal protection.
Testing the Moon and Mars
The process of fungal growth begins by mixing fungal spores and algae into water from ice on the Moon.
The structure is expected to form within 3060 days. The first model will be tested on Starlab, a new space station that will be launched in 2028. It is also hoped that further tests will be carried out on the Moon in the next ten years.
2024-10-01 02:39:50
#NASA #builds #mushroom #houses #moon #space #exploration
Shanghai. Chinese language scientists have discovered traces of water in samples of lunar soil introduced again to Earth by an automated probe as a part of the Asian large’s bold area programme, it has been formally introduced.
The Chang’e-5 rover accomplished its mission in 2020 and returned to Earth with samples of rocks and soil from the Moon.
The lunar samples “confirmed the presence of traces of water,” the group of scientists from Chinese language universities stated in a research printed by the journal Nature Astronomy.
A NASA infrared detector confirmed the existence of water on the Moon in 2020, and several other scientists have discovered traces of water in latest analyses of samples taken within the Sixties and Seventies.
However the samples collected by Chang’e-5 are “from a a lot greater latitude” (nearer to the poles, editor’s notice), and supply key new knowledge, such because the type of water on the lunar floor, the scientists defined.
The samples counsel that “water molecules could persist in sunny areas of the Moon within the type of hydrated salts,” they stated.
Chang’e-5 was the primary area mission in 4 many years to gather lunar samples.
It adopted Chang’e-4, which made a historic first touchdown on the far facet of the Moon in January 2019.
Final month, the Chang’e-6 lunar probe accomplished its mission to gather the primary samples from the far facet of the Moon.
China has devoted vital sources to its area program over the previous decade, aiming to meet up with conventional area powers Russia and the USA.
It has constructed an area station and turn out to be the third nation to position astronauts into orbit.
The nation additionally plans to ship a manned mission to the Moon in 2030 and construct a lunar base.
#China #finds #traces #water #lunar #samples
– 2024-07-30 04:12:47
![“Will China be capable of discover the legendary goddess ‘Chang’e’?” ” [์คํ]](https://i0.wp.com/img.sbs.co.kr/newimg/news/20240617/201946280_1280.jpg?fit=1170%2C658&ssl=1 "“Will China be capable of discover the legendary goddess ‘Chang’e’?” ” [์คํ]")
Offline – SBS Information
Did you say, ‘Learn ten thousand books, stroll ten miles’? Zhuangzi’s nice chicken flew up 9 10,000 miles. It was ‘10,000 ri.’ essentially the most frequent two-character poetic phrase written by the poet Du Fu. The street of a thousand miles was an infinite subject of creativeness, however on the identical time actuality and life. Whereas working and residing in China for over 20 years, I wish to share the similarities and variations I encountered whereas coming into and -out of time and house to divide and renew areas, folks and cultures, and divide them below the identify ‘10,000 miles. all through and all through, the humanities of the town.’
China’s ‘Chang’e 6’ spacecraft is alleged to land on the far facet of the moon, acquire soil samples, and return to Earth across the twenty fifth of this month. China established a nationwide lunar exploration plan in 2004 and referred to as it the ‘Chang’e Undertaking’. This challenge is split into three phases: ‘unmanned lunar exploration’, ‘spacecraft touchdown on the moon’, and ‘constructing a lunar base’.
Since ‘Chang’e 1’ was launched in 2007 as a strong implementation of the primary stage, the 2nd probe in 2010, the third probe in 2013, the 4th probe in 2018, and the fifth probe in 2020 to ship to the moon in succession to advertise exploration and assortment, touchdown on the floor of the moon 4 occasions, twice behind the moon and twice in entrance of the moon.
Offline – SBS Information
The most recent information that ‘Chang’e 6’ succeeded in accumulating samples from the far facet of the moon for the primary time on the planet. Picture: Xinhua Information Company
America’ plan to land a manned spacecraft on the floor of the moon within the Sixties was referred to as ‘Undertaking Apollo’. The identify of the challenge was taken from Apollo, the solar god in Greek mythology. On the time, the USA, which had fallen behind within the house improvement race with the Soviet Union, was making an attempt to extend its nationwide repute and set up a technological superiority. President Kennedy’s “We Select to Go to the Moon” speech, delivered at Rice College in 1962, remains to be a well-known speech for persuading the nation.
Based on the plan, Apollo 11’s Captain Armstrong and astronaut Aldrin efficiently landed on the moon in 1969, leaving humanity’s first footprints on the lunar floor. A complete of six lunar missions adopted, and the Apollo program led to 1972. Satirically, the ‘Apollo Crater’ on the South Pole of the Moon is the identify of the world the place Chang’e 6 landed and who collected soil samples from the far facet of the moon for the primary time on the planet. It’s referred to as Apollo Crater or Apollo Basin in English, and was named by NASA after the Apollo challenge.
Offline – SBS Information
The back and front sides of the moon. Picture: NASA
It’s attention-grabbing to notice that, whereas the USA used Apollo, the male god of the solar, China used Chang’e, a feminine goddess related to the moon, because the identify of every house challenge. So who’s Chang’e? It’s pronounced ‘chang-e’ in Chinese language, however now we have lengthy recognized the identify ‘Chang’e’. Based on Munhaeja (่ชชๆ่งฃๅญ), Cling (ๅงฎ) and Sang (ๅซฆ) are defined to be related characters, and initially Cling-A (ๆๆ) was a it was, however the first identify was Munje (ๆๅธ) On the time of the switch it was Cling (ๆ), so it was prevented.
In an historical legend, Chang’e is alleged to have taken an elixir of immortality and ascended to heaven to develop into the goddess of the moon. Additionally it is mentioned that in a earlier life, she married Jejun, the god of the sky, and gave delivery to 12 moons, which grew to become 1 yr and 12 months now.
‘Chang’e Goes to the Moon’ (ๅซฆๅจฅๅฅๆ, Chang’e Beonwie), which the Chinese language are actually acquainted with, was compiled into a comparatively full story in the course of the Han Dynasty. the person of Chang’e and a divine archer.” When the folks’s livelihood fell into a nasty state because of the 10 suns rising on the identical time, Huye, who was the king, shot down 9 suns with an arrow on the order of the Emperor Yao, and acquired the Longevity Buddha from the Queen Mom of the West.
Offline – SBS Information
An image ebook primarily based on ‘Girls’s First Month’ within the Eighties. Picture: Baidu
Since then, Chang’e has been the code of Chinese language tradition and artwork for a very long time, influencing the content material of a number of historic literary works and even fashionable movies and dramas.
Tang Dynasty poet Lee Sang-eun wrote in ‘Cling’er’, “The shadow of a candle is solid on a folded display of mica (้ฒๆฏๅฑ้ขจ็ญๅฝฑๆทฑ), and the Milky Means bends progressively. and the morning star disappears (้ทๆฒณๆธธ่ฝๆๆๆฒ).โ He defined how, “It should be tough to steal the elixir, and it should be lonely within the deep blue night time sky.”
Offline – SBS Information
Full textual content and footage of Lee Baek’s poem ‘ๆ้ ้ฎๆ’. Picture: Baidu
Poet Lee Baek wrote in his masterpiece ‘Elevate a glass and ask the moon,’ โHow lengthy has it been since there was a moon within the blue sky? I finished consuming and appeared. I ask you (ๆไปๅๆฏไธๅไน) Folks attempt to climb to the moon, however they can’t attain it (ไบบๆๆๆไธๅฏปๅพ). the white rabbit made the elixir, autumn handed and spring got here (็ฝๅ ๆฃ่ฅ็งๅพฉๆฅ), however Chang’e lives alone and lonely, and who’re her neighbors (ๅงฎๅจฅๅญคๆฃฒ่่ชฐ้). see it (ไปไบบไธ่ฆๅคๆๆ), however the present moon as soon as shone on the ancients (ไปๆๆพ็ถ็ๅคๆ)…” he reported.
It additionally seems within the works of many poets, together with Bai Juyi and Lu Xun, and was additionally used as a theme in novels by Bao Songling and Lu Xun.
He typically seems as a well-liked topic or character in current movies and dramas. Not too long ago, along with the well-known new technology Diliruba (่ฟช้บ็ฑๅทด) enjoying the function of Chang’e within the drama ‘Solar and Moon’, actresses Liu Tao (ๅๆฟค), Liang Yongqi (ๆขๅ็ช), CCTV host Ri Tsutsu (ๆๆๆ), and many others. I had a task.
Offline – SBS Information
Well-known Chinese language individuals who performed Chang’e. Clockwise from prime left: Diriruba, Liu Tao, Liang Yongqi, and Rissuth. Picture: Baidu
Not too long ago, because the ‘Chang’e Undertaking’ has attracted the eye of the Chinese language folks, every area is making an attempt to advertise cultural tourism by claiming to be associated to the legend of Chang’e (Chang’e ). Yichun Metropolis in Jiangxi Province has a report that Chang’e left Mt. Mingyu when he ascended the moon, and Mingyue Mountain is inside his jurisdiction, so Yichun is alleged to be Chang’e’s hometown. Hunan author Zhang Yiyi says that Yingfeng Mountain, Yueyang Metropolis, Hunan Province, is the world the place Chang’e ascended to the moon. Dezhou Metropolis, Shandong Province, is among the birthplaces of the traditional tradition of Longshan Village (ๅฐ็ณๅบ) throughout the jurisdiction.
(The remainder of the story is within the soup)
Offline – SBS Information
Newer Posts