‘Forever Chemicals’ Linked to Higher Autism, ADHD in Boys
Study suggests environmental toxins may disproportionately affect male brain development
Why are autism and ADHD diagnosed more often in boys? A new study offers a potential explanation: males might be more vulnerable to environmental stressors, specifically ‘forever chemicals’ during brain development, possibly leading to behavioral changes.
Key Findings on Chemical Exposure
Researchers at the University of Rochester have found that these chemicals, prevalent in everyday items, may disrupt brain signals. This disruption can manifest as social anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and trouble following directions, particularly in boys.
One specific ‘forever chemical,’ PFHxA, commonly found in paper food packaging and stain-resistant fabrics, could be a culprit. The researchers suggest it may trigger anxiety-like behaviors seen in autism and ADHD, predominantly in males.
In the study, baby mice were exposed to PFHxA through their mother’s milk. The male mice exhibited decreased activity, heightened anxiety, and memory issues. Notably, these changes weren’t observed in female mice.
Even years after initial exposure, the male mice continued to display behavioral patterns linked to these disorders, indicating potentially long-lasting neurological effects.
“Although these effects were mild, finding behavioral effects only in males was reminiscent of many neurodevelopmental disorders that are male-biased,”
the researchers wrote in the European Journal of Neuroscience.
“Understanding the impact of PFHxA on the developing brain is critical when proposing regulations around this chemical,”
added Professor Elizabeth Plunk, an expert in environmental medicine and the study’s first author.
Rising Concerns and ADHD Surge
These findings come amidst growing concerns about rising rates of ADHD diagnoses. An estimated 6.1 million children in the United States have been diagnosed with ADHD, according to the CDC (CDC.gov).
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties with concentration, impulse control, and managing activity levels. Common symptoms include restlessness, forgetfulness, and difficulty following instructions.
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Similarly, healthcare systems are facing increasing autism rates, with many individuals awaiting assessment. Autism is a spectrum disorder affecting communication and interaction.
The World Health Organization estimates that about one in 100 children worldwide has autism. Symptoms can include avoiding eye contact and not responding to their name.
While autism and ADHD have historically been considered more prevalent in boys, experts suggest this may be due to referral and diagnosis biases, where symptoms in boys are more readily recognized. For instance, autistic girls may mask some signs by mimicking the behavior of others.
Call for Stricter Regulations
Researchers are now concerned that ‘forever chemicals’ might be contributing to the rising numbers of autism and ADHD cases, and some experts are advocating for stricter regulation of these toxic substances.
PFAS, known for their durability, are present in numerous everyday products. However, studies have linked them to significant health issues, including immune system weakening and increased cancer risk.
The Environmental Audit Committee is expected to provide recommendations to the government regarding the need for stricter guidelines on these chemicals.
