Genetic Insights Reshape Understanding of Kidney Disease Development
NEW ORLEANS - A deeper understanding of the genetic underpinnings of kidney disease is rapidly changing how nephrologists approach diagnosis, treatment, and preventative care, according to a presentation at the American Society of nephrology kidney Week 2023. Experts are increasingly recognizing that many kidney diseases aren’t solely the result of traditional risk factors like diabetes or hypertension, but are substantially influenced by inherited genetic variations.
For decades, kidney disease was largely viewed through the lens of acquired conditions. Though, recent advances in genomic sequencing and analysis are revealing a complex interplay between genes and surroundings, impacting disease onset, progression, and response to therapy. This shift is particularly crucial as kidney disease affects approximately 37 million adults in the united States, and many remain undiagnosed, potentially leading to kidney failure and the need for dialysis or transplantation. The evolving understanding promises more personalized and effective interventions, potentially slowing or even preventing disease progression in at-risk individuals.
“We’re moving away from a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to kidney disease,” explained a leading nephrologist discussing the implications of the new research.”Identifying specific genetic predispositions allows us to tailor treatment plans, monitor patients more closely, and potentially intervene earlier to delay or prevent kidney failure.”
The growing body of evidence points to a diverse range of genes involved in kidney disease development. These genes can affect various aspects of kidney function, including glomerular filtration, tubular transport, and immune regulation. Researchers are actively identifying specific genetic variants associated with conditions like focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and IgA nephropathy.
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Looking ahead, experts anticipate that genetic testing will become increasingly integrated into routine kidney disease evaluation, particularly for individuals with a family history of the disease or early-onset kidney dysfunction. This proactive approach, coupled with ongoing research, holds the potential to significantly improve outcomes for millions affected by kidney disease.
