Infertility on the Rise: India Faces Growing Parenthood Challenges

Hyderabad, India – While parenthood remains a deeply revered aspiration in Indian culture, a confluence of modern lifestyle shifts, evolving dietary habits, and changing work environments is contributing to a significant increase in infertility rates across the nation. this growing challenge affects millions of couples, prompting a closer look at the statistics and the role of assisted reproductive technologies like In vitro Fertilisation (IVF).

Recent data reveals that approximately 27.5 million couples in India grapple with infertility-related issues. Urban areas exhibit a higher prevalence, with infertility rates ranging from 15 to 20 percent, while rural areas report a rate of around 10 percent. Infertility affects both men and women, with factors such as low sperm count, poor motility, and genetic predispositions impacting men, while women often face challenges like Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, and age-related concerns.

Globally, the infertility rate is on an upward trajectory. The World Health Association (WHO) estimates that around 17.5 percent of adults experience infertility at some point in their lives. Dr.Swathi Peddi, Consultant Infertility at birthright Fertility, Hyderabad, notes, “About 1 in 6 people are reportedly suffering from infertility, with 17.8 percent infertility in high-income countries and 16.5 percent in low and middle-income countries.”

The National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) further illuminates the nuances of infertility among the Indian population. Among married women aged 15 to 49, 8 percent are currently experiencing infertility. Dr. Swathi elaborates, “As much as 2 percent of women have primary infertility (never conceived) and 6 percent have secondary infertility (difficulty in conceiving after a prior pregnancy). Further, among those women married at least for 5 years, around 18.7 out of 1000 women are affected by primary fertility.”

The Telugu states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh show infertility rates exceeding the national average. According to NFHS-5 data for 2019-20,Telangana reported an infertility rate of 25.7 percent, closely followed by Andhra Pradesh at 24.4 percent.

As the world observes World IVF Day on July 25th, commemorating the birth of Louise Brown, the first IVF child, it also celebrates the millions of lives made possible through this groundbreaking technology. “The day is meant to celebrate science, resilience, and the hope for attaining parenthood,” Dr. Swathi emphasizes. “Behind every successful IVF story lies a journey of courage, heartbreak, and strength, not just for the couple but for those who support them.”

In a society where parenthood is highly valued, infertility can profoundly impact relationships, mental well-being, and self-worth. However, advancements in IVF and assisted reproductive technologies are offering a beacon of hope, transforming “maybe” into “yes” and “someday” into “today.” This progress is a testament to the dedication of researchers, embryologists, nurses, and doctors, and most importantly, the unwavering spirit of the brave couples navigating this journey.