Ancient genetic Lineage Unearthed in Argentina Rewrites South American History
BUENOS AIRES - A groundbreaking study published in the journal nature has revealed the existence of a previously unknown human population that inhabited central Argentina for approximately 8,500 years,representing a fourth distinct genetic lineage in South America. The discovery, based on DNA analysis of 238 individuals spanning the last 10,000 years, considerably alters the understanding of early human migrations and settlement patterns across the continent.
Researchers identified this unique genetic group despite its geographic proximity to other established civilizations in the Central Andes,Amazon,and Patagonia. The population maintained remarkable genetic isolation for millennia, interacting with external groups only at the periphery of its territory. “This is an vital part of the continent’s history that we didn’t know about,” stated Javier Maravall-López of Harvard University, a lead researcher on the project.
The study, led by researchers from CONICET, addresses a meaningful gap in the genetic map of South America. “Central Argentina is a large area that was not sampled and was underrepresented,” explained Rodrigo Nores, from CONICET. the analysis demonstrates the group’s resilience,remaining genetically stable through periods of cultural shifts,technological advancements,and even severe environmental challenges,including extreme droughts between 6,000 and 4,000 years ago. “In this region, there is a diversity of languages and cultural changes, and we observe interactions with other groups. But the population is the same,” Nores added, highlighting the observed genetic continuity.
Moreover, the research challenges previous hypotheses regarding Amazonian migrations to the region around 1,300 years ago. DNA analysis of a 10,000-year-old woman revealed a closer genetic link to populations from the southern Cone than to those from northern South America, prompting a reassessment of continental settlement routes. The findings offer new insights into the complex history of human movement and adaptation in South America, emphasizing the enduring legacy of this ancient Argentine population.
