Quantum Internet Advance: Molecular Qubits Successfully Transmit Data Via Fiber networks
CHICAGO – Researchers at the University of Chicago have achieved a significant step toward realizing a practical quantum internet, successfully demonstrating the transmission of quantum data encoded in the magnetic state of a single molecule over standard fiber-optic networks. The breakthrough, detailed in recent findings, utilizes erbium-based qubits capable of being read by light wavelengths compatible with existing telecommunications infrastructure.
The team’s approach leverages “telecommunications wavelengths” – those used in conventional fiber optic communication – offering minimal signal loss crucial for long-distance quantum data transmission. this is the first key advantage, as signals can travel further with less degradation. Secondly, these wavelengths pass easily through silicon, allowing for integration with existing chip-based hardware. Without this property, optical signals would be absorbed, hindering functionality.
“Information could be encoded in the magnetic state of a molecule and then accessed with light at wavelengths compatible with well-developed technologies underlying optical fiber networks and silicon photonic circuits,” explained a researcher in a statement.
Each qubit is constructed from a single molecule approximately 100,000 times smaller than a human hair. This nanoscale size, coupled with the ability to tune their structure through synthetic chemistry, allows for integration into diverse environments, including solid-state devices and even living cells.
“Telecommunications wavelengths offer the lowest loss rate for light traveling through optical fibers. This is critical if you want to reliably send information encoded in a single photon (a single particle of light) beyond the lab,” said David Awschalom, a lead researcher on the project, in an email to Live Science.
The development addresses a major challenge in quantum computing: integrating quantum technology with existing infrastructure. Researchers are currently focused on integrating these qubits into on-chip devices to further enhance control, detection, and coupling of molecules, paving the way for scalable quantum networks.
“Integration is a key step in scaling the technology and an outstanding challenge in the field,” awschalom stated. “We are working on integrating these qubits in on-chip devices and believe that this will open new regimes in controlling, detecting, and coupling molecules.”
