## Planning for Nature: Environmental Protection and Planning Reform Under the Spotlight
Recent discussions surrounding planning reform in England highlight a growing tension between economic advancement and environmental protection. While the need for housing and economic growth is frequently emphasized, concerns are mounting that current policy approaches, characterized by frequent consultations and potential reversals, are hindering effective environmental outcomes.
A key issue is the perceived lack of stability in policy. The constant cycle of proposed changes and revisions risks undermining the long-term effectiveness of reforms. For example, uncertainty surrounding the implementation of Biodiversity Net gain (BNG) is reportedly deterring investment in off-site provision, delaying its practical application.This follows findings from Wild Justice research which revealed that approximately 50% of ecological enhancements secured through planning permissions are not ultimately delivered.
The integration of various new strategies also presents a challenge. Questions remain regarding how local nature recovery strategies will align with the emerging strategic spatial development strategies and local growth plans being developed under new devolution arrangements. A central question is where critical land-use decisions will be debated and coordinated, and whether the Land Use Framework for England will provide a unifying structure or remain a siloed DEFRA project.
The current debate around planning reform has been criticized for its narrow focus and, at times, unfriendly rhetoric towards the positive role of planning. The emphasis on simply ‘build baby build‘ to stimulate economic growth, as advocated by some, risks overlooking the broader considerations of land-use and the vital role of nature in society.The recent surge in Green Party membership in England suggests a growing public appetite for integrating social, economic, and environmental concerns.
This need for integration was underscored by the 2021 Dasgupta Review, commissioned by the UK government, which argued that nature has been historically undervalued in economic assessments and that a more holistic approach, placing biodiversity at its core, is essential. The review emphasized the interconnectedness of economics and ecology.
Ultimately, there is a risk that rushed or poorly considered planning reforms could fail to deliver needed housing *and* further damage the environment, resulting in a detrimental outcome for both societal and ecological well-being.
