‘Kissing Bugs‘ Carrying Chagas Disease Expand Across the U.S., Raising Public Health Concerns
WASHINGTON – The range of the triatomine bug, commonly known as the “kissing bug,” is expanding across the United States, bringing with it the risk of Chagas disease, a parasitic infection that can cause serious heart and digestive problems. While the bugs themselves aren’t inherently dangerous – they don’t typically transmit the parasite with every bite – thier increasing presence is prompting health officials to raise awareness and encourage preventative measures.
Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects an estimated 6 to 8 million people in Latin America. though historically rare in the U.S., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports the parasite is now found in 29 states, primarily in the southern U.S., but increasingly in states as far north as Pennsylvania and West Virginia. The disease can be notably dangerous because symptoms often don’t appear for months or even years after infection, leaving many unaware they’ve been exposed. Early detection and treatment are crucial, as the disease can progress to a chronic phase, though even than, symptoms and complications can be managed.
These nocturnal insects, named for their habit of biting sleeping people near the mouth, feed on blood. According to texas A&M University, they are typically found in cracks and crevices of poorly constructed homes, and around animal habitats. The bugs don’t actively seek out humans, but will enter homes in search of a blood meal.
The CDC recommends several preventative measures, including sealing cracks and crevices around windows and doors, using screens, and keeping indoor areas clean and well-lit. While the bugs can carry the T. cruzi parasite,transmission to humans isn’t guaranteed with every bite.Though, if a bug is found inside a home, the CDC advises avoiding handling it directly and contacting local health authorities.
Currently, there is no vaccine for Chagas disease.Treatment involves anti-parasitic medications, which are most effective when administered early in the infection. The World Health Organization estimates approximately 40,000 new cases and 14,000 deaths occur annually due to Chagas disease globally.
Sources: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Health, National Library of Medicine, ScienceDirect.com,Multidisciplinary digital Publishing Institute,Texas A&M University,Texas Ecological Laboratory and World Health Organization.