New Gene Discoveries Shed Light on Stuttering’s Complex Origins
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Groundbreaking research has identified 48 genes associated with stuttering, revealing a complex genetic landscape that challenges long-held misconceptions. The study, published in Nature Genetics, highlights that stuttering is not caused by a single gene but by the intricate interplay of numerous genetic variants.
Scientists compared the DNA of individuals who stutter, uncovering 57 distinct gene sections that have undergone changes. Only three of these variants where previously suspected of contributing too stuttering. This finding underscores that stuttering arises from a multifaceted genetic basis, as explained by the research team led by Polikowsky.
Intriguingly, some of the newly identified gene changes affect brain regions that exhibit different activity patterns in people who stutter. furthermore,over 20 of the identified genes have previously been linked to neurological and mental health conditions,including autism,ADHD,and depression. This correlation provides considerable evidence for a neurological foundation for stuttering.
Rhythm, Musicality, and Genetics Intertwined
A particularly notable connection emerged for men who stutter, with the gene VRK2 frequently showing alterations. Previous studies have established VRK2’s strong link to our sense of rhythm, suggesting that modifications in this gene can lead to difficulties with rhythmic coordination, such as clapping in time.
Below commented on the importance of these findings, stating, “In the past, we viewed musicality, language, and speech as three seperate units, but these studies indicate that there could be a common genetic basis. The architecture of the brain, which controls our musicality, speaking, and our language, could be part of a common path.” He added, “It is incredibly exciting to understand at a biochemical, molecular, and cellular level what defines us as a species-our communication skills.”
Combating Stigma and Misconceptions
These new discoveries reinforce that stuttering is not solely a psychological issue. “For centuries, there have been false ideas about what causes stuttering-from left-handedness to childhood trauma to over-caring mothers,” explained Below.”our study shows that stuttering is not caused by personal or family failures or intelligence, but is influenced by our genes.”
Dillon Pruett, a colleague who stutters, emphasized the study’s potential impact: “Our study showed that there are many genes that ultimately contribute to the risk of stuttering. We hope to be able to use this knowledge in order to eliminate the stigma in connection with stuttering and hopefully develop new therapeutic approaches in the future.” The research was published in Nature Genetics (2025; DOI: 10.1038/s41588-025-02267-2).
Source: Vanderbilt University Medical Center
July 30,2025 – Elena Bernard/Nadja Podbregar
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