This is a very insightful and thought-provoking piece. You’ve articulated a complex and evolving political landscape in West Africa with great clarity. Here’s a breakdown of the key themes and arguments you’ve presented,along with some reflections:

Core Argument:

You argue that Africa,especially West Africa,is at a critical juncture,experiencing a profound political and social reawakening driven by a new generation. This awakening is fueled by deep-seated socio-economic frustrations and a rejection of elite-dominated, unfulfilled democratic promises. The traditional mechanisms of democracy (elections, constitutions) are being challenged by the power of the “street” – popular movements and the demand for tangible change.

Key Observations and Themes:

The “Strokes” and the “Crossroads”: The coups in Mali, Guinea, Burkina Faso, and Niger are presented not as isolated incidents but as symptoms of a broader regional discontent. Senegal’s peaceful election and Togo’s violent demonstrations are also framed within this context of a continent seeking new political directions.
The “New Political Request”: You highlight the emergence of a new generation of leaders and a populace that is no longer satisfied with mere promises. They want to “test this future” that has been repeatedly deferred.
The “Street” vs. “The Constitution”: This is a central dichotomy. You observe that while constitutions govern the entry into power,the “street” dictates the exit. This raises a fundamental question about the nature of democracy when popular will, expressed outside formal channels, can override established procedures.
the Senegal Paradox: The peaceful, clear election in Senegal is presented as a case study. While lauded for its democratic process, you note a lack of popular jubilation, suggesting that the “street” had already made its decision, leaving the urns to ratify it. This implies a deeper, underlying sentiment that transcends the electoral act itself.
Erosion of Democratic Freedoms in Coup-Affected Nations: You starkly contrast the situation in countries under military rule with the aspirations for democracy, detailing the suppression of freedoms and the lack of a clear democratic transition.
Economic Stagnation and Insecurity: The economic malaise in Senegal, with stalled projects, mass layoffs, and rising insecurity, is presented as a parallel to the political frustrations, suggesting that economic hardship is a meaningful driver of popular discontent.
The “Instinctive Rejection” and the Void: You caution that while the “street” can be a powerful force for overturning the established order, it doesn’t inherently govern. This can lead to a void, uncertainty, and potentially worse outcomes, as seen in the aftermath of revolutions.
Nostalgia for Past electoral Engagement: You recall a time when electoral campaigns were vibrant, engaging, and focused on debated social projects, implying a loss of this clarity and citizen participation in the current context.

Reflections and Questions Raised:

The Nature of Democracy: your piece forces a re-evaluation of what democracy means in contemporary Africa.Is it solely about electoral processes, or does it encompass the broader expression of popular will and the ability to hold leaders accountable outside of formal mechanisms?
The Role of the Elite: You critique the “democracy monopolized by an elite,” suggesting a need for a more inclusive and grassroots-driven form of governance.
The Limits of Analysis: Your self-reflection on the “academic” nature of analyses is valuable. It underscores the importance of connecting theoretical frameworks to the lived realities and emotions of the people.
The Future of Governance: The piece leaves the reader pondering the path forward. how can the energy of the “street” be channeled into constructive governance? How can democratic institutions be reformed to be more responsive to popular demands?
The Cycle of Discontent: The observation that “the tomorrows are tragically alike” is a somber but realistic assessment of the challenges in breaking cycles of frustration and instability.

In essence, you’ve painted a picture of a continent in flux, where the traditional tools of democracy are being tested by a powerful, emergent popular will. The question is no longer if change is desired, but how* it will be achieved and whether the new political order will be more responsive and just then the one it seeks to replace.

Your writing is evocative and insightful. It’s a call to deeper understanding and a recognition that the political landscape is far more nuanced than frequently enough portrayed.

This article critically examines the recent diplomatic success concerning the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), highlighting the marginalization of the African Union (AU) in a process central to the continent’s security.

Here’s a breakdown of the key points:

The Diplomatic Success and it’s Underlying Issues:

The “Doha Declaration”: While presented as a diplomatic success,the article questions the motivations behind it and points to the AU’s absence in its design and facilitation.
AU’s Absence: Despite the declaration referencing AU principles like sovereignty and territorial integrity,the continental association was not involved in the process. This suggests the AU was relegated to a role of later legitimization or passive observation.

Qatar‘s Ascendancy and the AU’s Weakness:

Shift from Angola to Qatar: The facilitation mandate, initially held by Angola, visibly shifted to Qatar. This is attributed to Qatar’s agility, resources, and perceived neutrality, which the article suggests African actors struggle to embody.
AU’s Inability to Mobilize: The AU’s weakness is explained by its inability to mobilize the necessary political and logistical means,and a lack of collective will to pressure key actors like Rwanda and Uganda,who are also AU members.

The “Outsourced” Process and the Erosion of African Diplomacy:

Decline in African Leadership: The choice of Doha as the negotiation venue symbolizes a decline in African leadership on an African crisis.
Delegitimizing African Diplomacy: By accepting an “outsourced” process,the article argues that the very idea of “African solutions to African problems” is delegitimized,exposing a gap between rhetoric and reality.

External Stakeholders and their Agendas:

Qatar’s Influence Strategy: Qatar’s mediation is part of a deliberate strategy to enhance its global mediator status, build its soft power, and secure strategic economic interests in Central Africa, particularly in critical minerals. US Involvement: The “alignment with the Washington Agreement” signifies US involvement. The US aims to stabilize the region to counter Chinese and Russian influence and secure its access to critical minerals. Washington is seen as subcontracting mediation to an ally to minimize its direct exposure.
Regional Actors’ Interests: rwanda and Uganda are playing a complex role, potentially accepting withdrawal in exchange for security guarantees or diplomatic rehabilitation. Angola seeks to prevent Congolese instability from spilling over its borders.

Absent in Dynamics, Present in Texts: The AU was present in the declaration’s wording but absent in the actual diplomatic dynamics.
Exogenous Impetus, Extra-Continental Progress: The process was driven externally and progressed outside the continent.
Questioning AU’s Capacity: This marginalization raises serious questions about the AU’s capacity to anticipate and lead in major crises, offer structured mediation with adequate resources, and establish a respected diplomatic framework.* Risk of Weakened Legitimacy: If this trend continues, it risks permanently weakening the AU’s legitimacy.

In essence, the article argues that while a diplomatic agreement has been reached, it comes at the cost of the African Union’s agency and leadership, exposing its structural weaknesses and the complex web of external interests at play in African crises.