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Prediabetes can be reversed within 2 years: The quiet metabolic changes your body makes when you stay consistent |

by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor
written by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor

prediabetes reversal Possible ​Within⁤ Two Years, Landmark Study Finds

London,⁢ UK ‌- November 22, 2025 ‌- A comprehensive new study published today⁣ in The ‌Lancet ⁢ reveals that ⁤individuals diagnosed with‍ prediabetes ⁣can⁣ reverse the condition within two years thru sustained lifestyle changes.​ The research, tracking over ‌700 participants, ⁤demonstrates notable metabolic⁤ improvements achievable through consistent diet and exercise, offering a hopeful outlook ⁤for the estimated 374 million people globally living with impaired glucose tolerance.

Prediabetes, a‌ condition characterized by blood sugar levels ‍higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as⁤ type 2 diabetes, frequently enough presents no noticeable symptoms. However, left unaddressed, it⁢ dramatically increases the⁣ risk of developing type⁢ 2 diabetes,⁣ heart disease, and stroke. This study’s findings are especially timely given the escalating global rates of obesity‌ and sedentary lifestyles, which ‍are primary⁢ drivers of prediabetes. Researchers ⁣emphasize that proactive intervention-specifically, adopting a healthier ​lifestyle-can not ⁣only prevent progression ⁤to full-blown diabetes but actively restore metabolic health.

The two-year ‍study involved participants receiving structured support encompassing dietary guidance focused on reduced calorie intake ⁢and increased fiber, alongside a ⁢programme promoting at least 150 minutes⁤ of moderate-intensity physical activity per ‌week.results showed that 68%​ of participants achieved ⁣normal blood glucose⁣ levels and improved insulin sensitivity, effectively reversing their prediabetic status.

“We observed​ remarkable changes in participants’ ⁤metabolic profiles,” stated Dr. Eleanor Reynolds, lead author‍ of the study from king’s⁢ Collage London.​ “The body demonstrates a powerful capacity ‍to recover when provided with the right conditions. Consistent effort ‍with diet and exercise triggers a cascade of positive physiological​ adaptations.”

These ​adaptations ⁤include improved pancreatic function,enhanced ‍glucose uptake by ⁢muscles,and reduced inflammation.The study also highlighted the importance of long-term adherence,noting that‌ participants who maintained their lifestyle​ changes throughout the two-year period experienced the most considerable and ​lasting benefits. Researchers⁣ are now focusing⁤ on identifying strategies to support sustained behavioral change‍ and scaling up these interventions for broader public health impact.

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Health

Prediabetes mortality link strongest in 20–54 age group

by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor
written by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor

Prediabetes Risk Skyrockets for Young Adults

A groundbreaking US analysis reveals that prediabetes significantly elevates mortality risk, but surprisingly, only for younger adults. This finding underscores the urgent need for targeted prevention and screening programs aimed at those in their prime working years.

Silent Threat Amplified in Youth

Prediabetes, often undetected due to its asymptomatic nature, has been linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk and higher overall mortality in the United States. However, previous research has lacked clarity on which demographic groups bear the brunt of this danger.

A recent study published in JAMA Network Open aimed to demystify these associations by examining how factors like age, lifestyle, and existing health conditions modify the link between prediabetes and mortality. Researchers from the University at Buffalo meticulously analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) linked to the National Death Index (NDI).

Study Identifies Age as Critical Factor

The comprehensive analysis, following Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidance, involved US adults aged 20 and older from 2005-2018. Prediabetes was identified using self-reporting or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels between 5.7% and 6.4%.

Out of 38,093 participants, 9,971 (26.2%) had prediabetes, representing over 51 million individuals nationwide. While initial unadjusted models showed a higher mortality risk for those with prediabetes (hazard ratio [HR], 1.58), this association diminished significantly after accounting for demographics, lifestyle, and comorbidities (fully adjusted HR, 1.05).

However, the study uncovered a critical nuance: a statistically significant elevated mortality risk from prediabetes was only observed in adults aged 20-54 years (HR, 1.68). No significant associations were found within different racial and ethnic groups.

The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Lifestyle and Early Intervention Crucial

The findings suggest that while background factors like demographics and existing conditions explain much of the apparent link between prediabetes and death at a population level, the heightened risk in younger adults is particularly noteworthy.

This elevated risk in early adulthood may be attributed to lifestyle behaviors, limited healthcare access, life stage challenges, stronger genetic predispositions, or early-life physiological stress. The research emphasizes that receiving a prediabetes diagnosis in one’s 20s, 30s, or early 40s should prompt immediate action concerning diet, physical activity, sleep, and regular health screenings.

This study’s conclusions advocate for the implementation of convenient and accessible prevention programs tailored for working-age adults. Flexible, virtual, and peer-led options scheduled outside standard clinic hours could significantly improve engagement and effectiveness.

In summary, while prediabetes alone may not predict higher mortality after comprehensive adjustments, the heightened risk for younger adults is a clear call to action. Clinicians and health systems are encouraged to prioritize early identification and age-specific prevention strategies, including timely referrals and programs that accommodate the schedules of working individuals. Employers and communities can bolster these efforts by providing robust lifestyle support.

It is important to note that the study’s limitations include its cross-sectional design, reliance on some self-reported data, and the inability to establish causality. Nevertheless, the message for individuals is actionable: embracing changes in diet, physical activity, sleep, and stress management early in adulthood is vital for mitigating risk and safeguarding long-term health.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an estimated 88 million US adults, or more than one in three, have prediabetes, with 90% of them unaware they have it (CDC, 2024).

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Health

Salivary enzyme levels rise with gene variation in diabetics

by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor
written by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor

Gene Variation Drives Up Salivary Enzymes in Diabetics

New research indicates a common genetic variation can significantly increase salivary enzyme production, particularly in individuals with diabetes, suggesting a potential biological connection between starch digestion and blood sugar control.

The Role of AMY1 Gene Copy Number

Variations in copy number (CN) signify differences in the number of copies of a specific DNA sequence among individuals. Affecting approximately 10% of the human genome, these variants influence gene expression, thus contributing to varying physical traits and disease susceptibility.

One prevalent CNV involves the AMY1 gene, responsible for encoding salivary amylase, an enzyme that initiates starch breakdown in the oral cavity. In humans, the diploid AMY1 CN spans from 2 to 20, potentially impacting an individual’s metabolic profile.

Study Design and Participant Demographics

The research featured two groups: healthy adults participating in a starch study and individuals aged 45 and older with self-reported prediabetes or type 2 diabetes from a T2D microbiome study. Participants were recruited from the Ithaca, USA area.

Salivary enzyme levels rise with gene variation in diabetics

Saliva samples from 196 participants were analyzed to ascertain AMY1 CN, while samples from a subset of 94 participants were used to measure SAA. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva to measure AMY1 CN using qPCR and ddPCR techniques.

Key Findings: AMY1 CN and SAA

The median AMY1 CN, as determined by qPCR, was 7.5 (ranging from 2 to 19 copies) and by ddPCR, it was 7.0 (ranging from 2 to 20 copies). A linear mixed model revealed that SAA levels increased as the day progressed, which aligns with previous findings indicating a surge in SAA from morning to midday.

Interestingly, the study found that AMY1 CN could independently account for 18% of the variance in SAA. Researchers suggest that other biological or unexamined factors may contribute to the variance in SAA.

Association with Type 2 Diabetes

A noteworthy association emerged between AMY1 CN and T2D/prediabetes status. For each additional copy of AMY1, SAA increased by nearly 14% in the control group and 43% in the T2D/prediabetes group.

According to the CDC, in 2019, 37.3 million US adults had diabetes; 28.3 million were diagnosed, and 9.0 million were undiagnosed (CDC 2020).

Implications and Future Research

The researchers propose that higher SAA levels might either alleviate or exacerbate glucose dysregulation in individuals with T2D, but emphasize the necessity for longitudinal studies to establish the directionality of this relationship.

Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of consistent saliva collection timing for accurate SAA interpretation as a biomarker, given its natural daily fluctuations.

Conclusions and Considerations

While both qPCR and ddPCR methods proved effective in measuring AMY1 CN, caution is advised when drawing causal inferences due to the study’s cross-sectional design and limited number of participants with T2D/prediabetes.

Ultimately, further investigation is warranted to fully elucidate the role of SAA in glucose homeostasis and its potential health applications. Future studies should prioritize the timing of saliva collection, dietary context, and other relevant factors in establishing SAA as a reliable health biomarker.

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Health

Meal and sleep timing play key roles in diabetes prevention

by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor
written by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor

When You Eat Matters: New Insights into Diabetes Risk

Timing of Daily Habits Significantly Impacts Metabolic Health

New research reveals that when you eat, sleep, and move may be as crucial as what you do, offering a pathway to personalized diabetes prevention. A recent study identified distinct metabolic patterns linked to lifestyle timing.

Study Uncovers Timing-Based Metabolic Differences

Researchers published findings in npj Digital Medicine, investigating the connection between daily routines and metabolic function in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study included 36 healthy adults in a primary cohort and 10 in a validation group.

Meal and sleep timing play key roles in diabetes prevention

Participants used a food tracking app, Fitbit Ionic bands (for 24 of 36 due to a recall), and continuous glucose monitors. Researchers then performed oral glucose tolerance tests and insulin suppression tests to determine metabolic sub-phenotypes like insulin resistance and incretin function.

Meal Timing Reveals Key Patterns

The study found that individuals with prediabetes or T2D exhibited greater glucose fluctuations than those with normal blood sugar levels. Analysis of meal timing revealed significant differences based on HbA1c levels. Those with higher HbA1c consumed less energy between 2:00 PM and 5:00 PM and more between 5:00 PM and 9:00 PM.

Individuals with decreased incretin function—affecting insulin release—ate more between 11:00 AM and 2:00 PM and 5:00 PM and 9:00 PM, and less between 2:00 PM and 5:00 PM and 9:00 PM to 5:00 AM.

Sleep, Activity, and Glucose Control

Energy intake from meals between 2:00 PM and 5:00 PM was inversely associated with fasting plasma glucose. Conversely, eating more between 5:00 PM and 9:00 PM correlated with higher glucose levels and poorer nighttime glucose control. These associations remained even when total daily calorie intake was the same, highlighting the importance of timing.

Greater variability in sleep efficiency was linked to higher nighttime glucose, while earlier wake-up times correlated with reduced incretin effects. Increased sedentary time was associated with hyperglycemia. Stepping after a meal, particularly between 8:00 AM and 11:00 AM, lowered next-day glucose in insulin-resistant individuals.

Lifestyle Factors Interconnected

A network analysis revealed significant correlations between lifestyle factors. For example, higher rice intake was associated with difficulty falling asleep and reduced sleep efficiency. Higher legume intake correlated with longer sleep duration. Increased fruit, potassium, and fiber intake were linked to longer sleep.

Machine learning models showed that higher carbohydrate intake from sweets and starchy vegetables, along with late-night eating, predicted prediabetes and higher HbA1c. Fruit intake, however, was associated with normal blood sugar. According to the CDC, over 38 million Americans have diabetes, and many could benefit from these insights.

Predictive Models Show Promise

The team validated their prediction models with an independent cohort, achieving 80% accuracy in predicting incretin function. This suggests that personalized lifestyle recommendations based on timing could be highly effective.

The study authors acknowledge limitations, including a modest sample size and observational design. Further research with diverse populations is needed. Nevertheless, these findings offer a compelling case for considering the timing of lifestyle behaviors in diabetes prevention and management.

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Health

Carb Responses: A New Window into Your Metabolic Health

by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor
written by Dr. Michael Lee – Health Editor

Personalized Blood Sugar Responses to Carbs Key to Diabetes Prevention

Table of Contents

Individual blood sugar responses to carbohydrates vary substantially based on metabolic health, impacting the risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. A recent study published in Nature Medicine highlights that these variations are linked to conditions like insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, suggesting a need for personalized dietary guidelines. Understanding these individual responses could revolutionize diabetes prevention and treatment.

The Science Behind Postprandial Glycemic Responses

High postprandial glycemic responses (PPGRs) refer to the fluctuations in glucose levels after a meal, representing the body’s reaction to carbohydrates. These PPGRs are closely tied to beta cell function and are considered risk factors for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, a complete understanding of glucose dysregulation in terms of PPGRs has been limited due to the complexity of metabolic functions, including insulin resistance and secretion.

To delve deeper into individual PPGRs and their connections to metabolic subtypes,researchers conducted a study involving 55 individuals without a history of T2D. Participants underwent metabolic testing for insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction, along with multi-omics profiling, which included assessments of triglyceride levels, blood metabolites, liver function, and gut microbiome data.

Did You Know? The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to be 10.5%, affecting 537 million adults in 2021, according to the International Diabetes Federation. This number is projected to rise to 12.2% (783 million) by 2045, underscoring the urgency of effective prevention strategies.

Key Findings: How Different Carbs affect Blood Sugar

The study revealed distinct blood sugar responses to various carbohydrates among participants. Individuals with insulin resistance experienced the highest blood sugar spikes after consuming pasta, while potatoes caused the greatest spikes in those with either insulin resistance or beta cell dysfunction. Multi-omics analysis further showed that potato-sensitive individuals also had elevated levels of triglycerides and fatty acids, consistent with insulin resistance.

Conversely, beans triggered blood sugar spikes linked with histidine and keto metabolism, indicating the body’s use of fat for energy. These findings suggest that different metabolic subtypes respond uniquely to specific carbohydrates, highlighting the need for tailored dietary recommendations.

Pro Tip: Consider using a food diary or a glucose monitoring system to track your individual blood sugar responses to different foods.This can help you identify which carbohydrates are best suited for your metabolic profile.

Specific Food Reactions and Metabolic Markers

Further analysis revealed that individuals with elevated blood sugar after eating bread were more prone to hypertension. Notably,the differing blood glucose responses between potatoes and grapes were associated with insulin resistance,potentially serving as a future biomarker for the condition. This biomarker could be invaluable for early diagnosis and intervention, as insulin resistance is often asymptomatic.

According to the CDC, more than 88 million U.S. adults have prediabetes, and more than 84% of them don’t know they have it. early detection and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

“such a biomarker would be useful as insulin resistance is amenable to lifestyle and medication interventions that can reduce risk for diabetes in high-risk individuals. At present there is no easy way to diagnose it in the clinic,” explained Dr. Tracey McLaughlin,professor of endocrinology and co-lead study author.

Implications for Diabetes Prevention and Treatment

The findings suggest that understanding these personalized blood sugar responses could aid more tailored prevention and treatment approaches for prediabetes and diabetes. By identifying individual metabolic subtypes and their specific reactions to carbohydrates, healthcare providers can develop targeted dietary plans to manage blood sugar levels effectively.

“Eating carbohydrates later in a meal is still a good idea even though it has not yet been sorted out whether it is best to eat protein, fat, or fiber before carbohydrates,” saeid Dr. Michael Snyder, professor in genetics. “Eat your salad or hamburger before your French fries.”

Carbohydrate Metabolic Condition Blood Sugar Response
Pasta insulin Resistance Highest Spikes
Potatoes Insulin Resistance or Beta Cell Dysfunction Greatest Spikes
Beans N/A Linked to Histidine and Keto Metabolism
Bread N/A Linked to Hypertension

The Ever-Evolving Landscape of Diabetes Research

Diabetes research has significantly evolved over the past few decades, shifting from generalized dietary advice to more personalized approaches. Historically, dietary guidelines for diabetes management focused on limiting overall carbohydrate intake. However, recent studies, including the one highlighted, emphasize the importance of understanding individual metabolic responses to different types of carbohydrates.

This shift is driven by advancements in technology, such as continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), and a deeper understanding of the human microbiome and its impact on metabolic health. As research continues, personalized nutrition plans tailored to individual metabolic profiles are likely to become the standard of care for diabetes prevention and management.

Frequently Asked Questions About Blood Sugar and Carbohydrates

How can I improve my blood sugar control?
Improving blood sugar control involves a combination of dietary changes,regular physical activity,and,in some cases,medication. Focus on consuming a balanced diet with plenty of non-starchy vegetables,lean proteins,and healthy fats. Regular exercise can also help improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels.
What are the best carbohydrates for managing blood sugar?
The best carbohydrates for managing blood sugar are those that are slowly digested and have a lower glycemic index. Examples include whole grains, legumes, and non-starchy vegetables. these foods provide a steady release of glucose into the bloodstream, preventing rapid spikes in blood sugar levels.
How frequently enough should I check my blood sugar levels?
The frequency of blood sugar monitoring depends on individual circumstances and treatment plans. Individuals with diabetes who are on insulin may need to check their blood sugar levels several times a day,while those managing their diabetes with diet and exercise may onyl need to check occasionally. Consult with your healthcare provider to determine the appropriate monitoring schedule for you.
What are the symptoms of high blood sugar?
symptoms of high blood sugar can include increased thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision, fatigue, and slow-healing sores. If you experience these symptoms, it is important to check your blood sugar levels and seek medical attention if necessary.
Can stress affect blood sugar levels?
Yes, stress can significantly impact blood sugar levels. When you are stressed, your body releases hormones that can raise blood sugar levels. Managing stress through relaxation techniques, exercise, and adequate sleep can help stabilize blood sugar levels.

Disclaimer: This article provides general details about blood sugar and diabetes. It is indeed not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider for any questions you may have regarding your health or treatment.

What are your thoughts on personalized nutrition for diabetes prevention? Share your experiences and questions in the comments below!

Enjoyed this article? Share it with your friends and family to spread awareness about the importance of personalized blood sugar management.

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