Pelalawan

Chromosomediscovered in the late 1800s, is a molecule DNA contains the genetic material of an organism.

All chromosomes, without exception, pass through or end in an X shape before the cells of an organism divide. But it’s always been a mystery how they got the shape of an X.

While Biology students around the world are learning that chromosomes get their shape during cell division, the exact reason behind their X shape is unknown.

It has been found that the so-called protein shugosin locks the chromosome into an X shape. Shugosin is defined as an evolutionarily conserved protein with a specific function to ensure the stability of the individual chromosome during cell division.

This life-defining breakthrough, with clear potential to be added to Biology textbooks worldwide, comes in a study led by Professor Daniel Panne, from the University of Leicester, and Dr Benjamin Rowland, from the Netherlands Cancer Institute.

This research is published in the journal Nature Structural & Molecular Biology.

Dr Rowland was reported as saying, “A chromosome is actually made up of two long identical strands of DNA that are initially connected along their entire length.”

“A collection of cohesin molecules in the form of a ring holding the two threads together. When a cell is about to divide, the cohesin ring opens and the DNA arms are released,” he added.

The researchers found that the protein, also known as SGO1, locks onto the cohesin ring that gives chromosomes the X shape.

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Professor Panne was quoted by Sky News as saying, “It is very exciting to finally understand at the molecular and atomic level how the iconic X chromosome forms during cell division are produced.”

“This has not only intrigued scientists for generations, but is critical to our understanding of how these processes can go wrong in disease,” he concluded.

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However, the white landscape once again proved to be a stunning place to hunt for meteorites.

An international team of scientists have discovered five new space rocks from Antarctica, and one of them is nearly 8kg (17 pounds). What’s amazing about this find is that finding a meteorite of this size is rare.

According to EurekAlert of the nearly 45,000 meteorites found here, only a hundred or so were the size of this recently discovered meteorite or larger.

Maria Valdes, a research scientist at the Field Museum and University of Chicago, who was part of the expedition, said, “Size doesn’t always matter when it comes to meteorites, and even small micrometeorites can be of great scientific value.”

“But of course, finding a large meteorite like this is rare, and very exciting,” he added.

The four researchers part of the mission were Valdes, Vinciane Debaille from the Université Libre de Bruxelles, who led the expedition; Maria Schönbächler from ETH-Zurich and Ryoga Maeda from Vrije Universiteit Brussel.

The team is the first to explore the potential of new meteorite sites that are mapped using satellite imagery.

Meteorite those discovered by the team will now be analyzed by the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Science. In addition, the four researchers will also study meteorite sediments that have the potential to contain small micrometeorites by researchers at their respective universities.

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Valdes said he was eager to see what meteorite analysis revealed, because “Studying meteorites helps us better understand our place in the universe,” adding that he was eager to find out what meteorites revealed.

“The larger the sample size we have from meteorites, the better we can understand our Solar System, and the better we can understand ourselves,” he added.

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RIAU24.COM – At first, the foyer describes a room that is usually a link between the entrances to various other rooms.

Over time, people have come to think of the foyer as an entry hall, aisle, and anteroom.

In other words, the foyer is now not only an area to be passed through but can be used as an area to welcome arriving guests.

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Regardless of the shape and size of the foyer at home, you can transform this space to create a welcoming first impression for guests.

Even if you live in a small apartment, with the right arrangements, you can make the foyer feel more spacious.

In decorating the foyer, the selection of wall colors is very important. If you want to create a broad impression, then choose light-colored paint.

Meanwhile, if you want to give a warm impression to guests, pastel colors like turquoise or light brown can be an option.

The foyer can also be used as a multi-purpose storage space. Of course you do not want when you enter the house, find shoes, coats, and bags scattered on the floor.

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Put multi-purpose clothes hangers as a place to put jackets or coats. You can also add a small wardrobe to keep your shoes neat.

The foyer area can also function as a waiting area. Therefore, put a few complete small chairs and a table so you can wait comfortably.

Adjust the foyer design to the needs of the occupants as a whole. Maximize your foyer design to attract guests who come to visit.

Even though it’s not very popular in Indonesia, the presence of the foyer area will make your residence more unique. This can be your reference when you want to build a house in the future.

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The names of the brightest stars in the universe are: Sirius Canopus, Rigel Kentaurus, Arcturus Vega

Sirius

Sirius is the brightest star in the universe. The star Sirius is also known as Alfa Canis Major, this is because Sirius is in the constellation Canis Major or the big dog.

Reporting from Astronomy Picture, Sirius is 20 times brighter than the sun with a size that is also twice as big as the sun.

However, Sirius is about 8.7 light years from Earth. Thus, it does not appear brighter than the sun from the earth.

However, Sirius remains the brightest star in the night sky.

The Sirius star is actually a twin star system in the form of Sirius A and Sirius B. Sirius A is the brightest star, while Sirius B is about 10,000 times dimmer than Sirius A.

Canopus

The name of the second brightest star in the universe is Canopus. Canopus is also known as Alfa Cariane because it is the brightest star in the constellation Carina.

Canopus is about 313 years from Earth and has about the same mass as the sun.

According to the Encyclopedia Britannica, Canopus is used as a guide in spacecraft control because of its angular distance from the sun and the contrast in brightness among nearby celestial bodies.

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Rigel Centaurus

The name of the third brightest star in the universe is Rigel Kentaurus or better known as Alpha Centauri. Alpha Centauri is about 4.3 light years from Earth and is in the southern constellation Centaurus.

Arcturus

Arcturus is the fourth brightest star in the universe. Arcturus is in the constellation Bootes and is about 40 light years from Earth.

Reporting from Space, Arcturus is only about 1.5 times the mass of the sun, but shines about 113 times brighter than the sun.

This is because Arcturus emits about 215 times more heat than the sun. Vega The fifth brightest star is Vega.

Vega is also known as Alfa Lyrae because it is in the constellation Lyra which forms the summer triangle.

Vega is 25 light years from the sun and is about three times the size of the sun. Vega is much younger than the sun, only about 455 million years old.

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