One in three Argentinians unknowingly lives with fatty liver disease, a condition often discovered incidentally during medical tests for unrelated issues, according to cardiologist Jorge Tartaglione.
Tartaglione, speaking recently, emphasized the often asymptomatic nature of the disease, explaining that many patients learn of their condition through routine ultrasound or bloodwork. “Fatty liver doesn’t present symptoms,” he stated. He further warned that the condition isn’t solely a hepatic concern, potentially foreshadowing cardiovascular events.
The disease, known as steatosis hepatica, involves the accumulation of fat within liver cells, leading to inflammation and eventual scarring. While reversible in its early stages, progression to cirrhosis significantly complicates treatment, Tartaglione explained. The cardiologist noted that even in younger patients, around 40 years old, a diagnosis of fatty liver can serve as an early warning sign of broader metabolic and cardiovascular issues.
Beyond the direct impact on liver health, fatty liver increases the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. The accumulation of fat isn’t merely a localized problem; it can trigger inflammation and scarring of the liver tissue, leading to long-term consequences. Tartaglione likened identifying fatty liver in a 40-year-old patient to performing a cardiac stress test ten years in advance, anticipating potential heart problems.
A key dietary contributor to the rise in fatty liver cases, both in Argentina and globally, is high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), commonly found in ultra-processed foods and sugary drinks. HFCS is metabolized almost exclusively in the liver, promoting fat accumulation, Tartaglione noted.
Experts recommend adopting a Mediterranean diet as a preventative and therapeutic approach. This dietary pattern prioritizes fruits, vegetables, legumes and whole grains, alongside increased consumption of fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids, olive oil as the primary fat source, and moderate portions of nuts. Reducing red meat and ultra-processed foods is also crucial. The focus isn’t complete fat elimination, but rather improving fat quality and maintaining a balanced energy intake.
Alongside dietary changes, a healthy lifestyle is essential. Regular physical activity, weight loss for those who are overweight, and complete alcohol abstinence are all recommended. Certain beverages, such as coffee (three to four cups daily), green tea, and beetroot juice – due to its antioxidant profile – have also been associated with potential liver benefits.
Early detection through periodic check-ups, particularly abdominal ultrasounds, is vital. This allows for timely intervention before significant liver damage occurs, protecting both liver and heart health. The stages of liver damage can progress to cirrhosis, fibrosis, or even liver cancer if left unchecked.