WHO Extends Global Emergency Alert for Mpox Amid Rising African Cases

The World Health Organization (WHO) has prolonged its highest alert level for mpox (monkeypox), declaring the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This decision, announced in June 2025, comes in response to the continued spread of the virus, particularly in Central and Eastern Africa, despite a decline in cases globally as the initial 2022 outbreak. WHO data indicates that over 37,000 confirmed cases and 125 deaths have been reported across 25 countries since the start of 2024.

Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, emphasized that the mpox outbreak still meets the criteria for a PHEIC, necessitating ongoing international coordination and response efforts. The alert aims to mobilize global resources,facilitate research,and ensure equitable access to vaccines and treatments.

Why the Global alert Remains in Effect

The WHO’s decision to maintain the global alert is based on several key factors:

• Continued Transmission: mpox continues to actively circulate, especially in regions like the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which accounts for approximately 60% of global cases and 40% of deaths.
• Emergence of New Clades: The emergence of a new viral clade, known as clade 1b, is raising concerns due to its increased transmissibility. This variant is rapidly spreading among neighboring countries in East Africa, including Burundi, Kenya, uganda, and Rwanda.
• Mode of Transmission: Transmission remains primarily linked to sexual contact, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM), which presents challenges for targeted prevention strategies.
• Vaccine Inequity: Unequal access to vaccines persists, with high demand in Africa where vaccine supplies are insufficient to contain the epidemic. An estimated 10 million doses are needed by the end of 2025 to effectively address the outbreak.

Did You Know? The WHO initially declared mpox a global health emergency in July 2022, marking the highest level of alert the organization can issue.

Mpox in Africa: A Critical Challenge

The African continent is facing a notable mpox crisis, with cases increasing by 160% in 2024, resulting in nearly 19,000 infections and over 500 deaths. The DRC is at the epicenter of this crisis, but the epidemic extends far beyond its borders. The CDC reports that mpox is endemic in several African countries.

Several factors contribute to the spread of mpox in Africa, including rapid urbanization, deforestation, wildlife trade, and increased human mobility. These conditions create an environment conducive to the transmission and evolution of the virus. Some experts believe that Africa has become a “laboratory” for studying new clades and their behavior.

Strategies to Combat Mpox

Combating the mpox outbreak requires a multi-faceted approach:

• Vaccination: The WHO is actively working to expedite the authorization and distribution of vaccines, particularly through partnerships with GAVI and UNICEF. However,logistical challenges,costs,and social acceptance remain significant barriers.
• Surveillance: Enhanced surveillance is crucial for detecting cases early and monitoring the evolution of viral variants. This information is essential for anticipating and controlling the spread of the virus.
• International Cooperation: Coordinated efforts between developed and developing countries are essential to address the global mpox threat. Mpox does not respect borders, and a collaborative approach is necessary to effectively contain the outbreak.

Pro Tip: Staying informed about mpox symptoms and transmission methods is crucial for protecting yourself and your community.

Mpox Cases and Deaths by Region (2024)

The Future of mpox: What to Expect

While mpox cases have declined globally since the peak of the 2022 outbreak, the ongoing situation in Africa and the emergence of new clades highlight the need for continued vigilance and proactive measures. The WHO’s extended global emergency alert underscores the importance of sustained efforts to prevent further spread, develop effective treatments, and ensure equitable access to vaccines.

What steps can individuals take to protect themselves from mpox? How can international cooperation be strengthened to address global health emergencies like the mpox outbreak?

Disclaimer: This article provides general information about mpox and should not be considered medical advice.Consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment.

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